Abstract: Due to the influence of external factors such as medical imaging principle and human organ peristalsis，a medical image processing simulation system based on Matlab GUI（Graphical User Interface）was designed for the problems of noise pollution，detail information hiding and tissue boundary blur in medical images. The system has functions such as image enhancement，image filtering，image segmentation，morphological processing and edge detection for DICOM（Digital Imaging COmmunications in Medicine）format images. Taking the medical ultrasound image of human gallbladder stone as the research object，the simulation system test shows that the processed image has better visibility than the original image， which effectively improves the image quality and enriches the image information. The system has friendly interface，flexible parameter adjustment and simple operation. It can be converted into . exe executable file and run away from Matlab environment，which is convenient for users.