《计算机应用》唯一官方网站 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 1748-1755.DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2021061411

• 2021年全国开放式分布与并行计算学术年会(DPCS 2021)论文 • 上一篇    

精细化短时交通流预测模型及迁移部署方案

郭嘉宸, 杨宇燊, 王研, 毛仕龙, 孙丽珺()   

  1. 青岛科技大学 信息科学技术学院,山东 青岛 266061
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-06 修回日期:2021-09-17 接受日期:2021-11-17 发布日期:2022-01-10 出版日期:2022-06-10
  • 通讯作者: 孙丽珺
  • 作者简介:郭嘉宸(1997-),男,山东烟台人,硕士研究生,CCF会员,主要研究方向:深度学习、智能交通
    杨宇燊(2000-),男,福建三明人,主要研究方向:深度学习、智能交通
    王研(2000-),男,山东临沂人,主要研究方向:深度学习、智能交通
    毛仕龙(2000-),男,山东菏泽人,主要研究方向:深度学习、智能交通
  • 基金资助:
    青岛科技大学2020年大学生创新训练计划项目(S202010426017)

Refined short-term traffic flow prediction model and migration deployment scheme

Jiachen GUO, Yushen YANG, Yan WANG, Shilong MAO, Lijun SUN()   

  1. College of Information Science and Technology,Qingdao University of Science and Technology,Qingdao Shandong 266061,China
  • Received:2021-08-06 Revised:2021-09-17 Accepted:2021-11-17 Online:2022-01-10 Published:2022-06-10
  • Contact: Lijun SUN
  • About author:GUO Jiachen,born in 1997,M. S. candidate. His researchinterests include deep learn
    YANG Yushen,born in 2000. His research interests include deeplearning,intelligent transportation.
    WANG Yan,born in 2000. His research interests include deeplearning,intelligent transportation.
    MAO Shilong,born in 2000. His research interests include deeplearning,intelligent transportation.
  • Supported by:
    2020 College Student Innovation Training Program of Qingdao University of Science and Technology(S202010426017)

摘要:

精细化短时交通流预测是保证智能交通系统(ITS)合理决策的前提。为了建立无人驾驶汽车换道模型、预测车辆轨迹、引导车辆出行,及时为每条车道预测车流量成为亟须解决的问题,然而精细化短时交通流预测面临着以下挑战:一是交通流数据日益多元化,传统预测方法难以满足ITS高精度、短时延的要求;二是为每条车道训练预测模型会造成大量的资源浪费。针对以上问题,提出利用卷积-门控循环单元(Conv-GRU)结合灰色关联度分析法(GRA)建立精细化短时交通流预测模型预测车道流量。考虑到深度学习训练时间长、推理时间相对较短的特点,提出云-雾部署方案;同时,为避免为每条车道训练预测模型,在云-雾部署方案的基础上提出了模型迁移部署方案,该方案仅需训练部分车道的预测模型,然后通过GRA将训练好的预测模型迁移部署到关联车道进行预测。对真实交通流数据集进行大量对比实验的结果表明:与传统深度学习预测方法相比,所提模型拥有更精准的预测性能,与卷积-长短期记忆(Conv-LSTM)网络相比在提高精度的基础上运行时间更短,且能在保证高精度预测的情况下实现模型迁移,比训练每条车道的预测模型节省了约49%的训练时间。

关键词: 精细化短时交通流预测, 卷积-门控循环单元, 灰色关联度分析法, 时空特征, 部署方案

Abstract:

Refined short-term traffic flow prediction is the premise to ensure the rational decision making in Intelligent Transportation System (ITS). In order to establish the lane-changing model of self-driving car, predict vehicle trajectories, and guide vehicle routes, the timely traffic flow prediction for each lane has become an urgent problem to solve. However, refined short-term traffic flow prediction faces the following challenges: first, with the increasing diversity of traffic flow data, the traditional prediction methods cannot meet the requirements of ITS for high precision and short time delay; second, training prediction model for each lane make a huge waste of resources. To solve the above problems, a refined short-term traffic flow prediction model combined Convolutional-Gated Recurrent Unit (Conv-GRU) with Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) was proposed to predict lane flow. Considering the characteristics of long training time and relatively short reasoning time of deep learning, a cloud-fog deployment scheme was designed. Meanwhile, to avoid training prediction models for each lane, a model migration deployment scheme was proposed, which only needs to train the prediction model of some lanes, and then the trained prediction models were migrated to the associated lane for prediction through GRA. Experimental results of extensive comparisons on a real-world dataset show that, compared with traditional deep learning prediction methods, the proposed model has more accurate prediction performance; compared with Convolutional-Long Short-Term Memory (Conv-LSTM) network, the model has shorter running time. Furthermore, the model migration is realized by the proposed model under the condition of ensuring high-precision prediction, which saves about 49% of training time compared to training prediction model for each lane.

Key words: refined short-term traffic flow prediction, Convolutional-Gated Recurrent Unit (Conv-GRU), Grey Relational Analysis (GRA), spatiotemporal feature, deployment scheme

中图分类号: