关键词: 无线传感器网络, 层次拓扑结构, 能量模型, 单跳传输, 多跳传输

Abstract: Energy efficiency is an important indicator in the performance evaluation of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). It is very essential to research energy model for improving the energy efficiency of wireless sensor network. Concerning the hierarchical topology model of wireless sensor network, this paper proposed the energy consumption models of an ordinary sensor node and a cluster head node according to the characteristics and various roles of sensor node's working energy consumption in the network. This paper deduced the energy consumption of single-hop network and multi-hop network, computed the optimal number of cluster heads in the condition of the least energy consumption theoretically, in the meantime, compared the energy consumption of different transmitting models. The formulas of energy consumption and the optimal cluster-head were theoretically analyzed and deduced, which provided guidance and theoretical basis for the design of energy efficient topology algorithms and communication protocols.

Key words: Wireless Sensor Network, Hierarchical topology, Energy model, Single-hop transmission, multi-hop transmission