H-Algorand:基于多块输出的公有链共识机制

doi:10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2019111916

计算机应用 ›› 2020, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (7): 2150-2154.DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2019111916

• 应用前沿、交叉与综合 • 上一篇下一篇

H-Algorand:基于多块输出的公有链共识机制

王波¹, 任英琦¹, 黄冬艳²

1. 桂林电子科技大学认知无线电与信息处理省部共建教育部重点实验室, 广西桂林 541004;
2. 桂林电子科技大学广西无线宽带通信与信号处理重点实验室, 广西桂林 541004

收稿日期:2019-11-11 修回日期:2020-03-12 出版日期:2020-07-10 发布日期:2020-06-29
通讯作者: 黄冬艳
作者简介:王波(1977-),男,陕西西安人,讲师,博士,主要研究方向:5G移动通信;任英琦(1995-),男,福建福州人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:区块链、数据挖掘;黄冬艳(1984-),女,广西南宁人,博士,主要研究方向:区块链、移动边缘计算。
基金资助:
广西科技基地和人才专项（桂科AD19110042）；广西壮族自治区无线宽带通信与信号处理重点实验主任基金资助项目（GXKL06160111）；认知无线电与信息处理省部共建教育部重点实验室主任基金资助项目（CRKL160103）。

H-Algorand:public blockchain consensus mechanism based on multi-block output

WANG Bo¹, REN Yingqi¹, HUANG Dongyan²

1. Key Laboratory of Cognitive Radio and Information Processing, Ministry of Education;(Guilin University of Electronic Technology), Guilin Guangxi 541004, China;
2. Guangxi Key Laboratory of Wireless Wideband Communication and Signal Processing;(Guilin University of Electronic Technology), Guilin Guangxi 541004, China

Received:2019-11-11 Revised:2020-03-12 Online:2020-07-10 Published:2020-06-29
Supported by:
This work is partially supported by the Scientific Base and Talent Special Project of Guangxi (AD19110042), the Director Fund of Guangxi Key Laboratory of Wireless Broadband Communication and Signal Processing (GXKL06160111), the Director Fund of Key Laboratory of Cognitive Radio and Information Processing, Ministry of Education (CRKL160103).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 面向全网公开且无用户授权机制的公有链目前得到了业界的普遍重视，其中具有良好扩展性、低分叉概率的Algorand机制在公有链中被广泛使用，但Algorand机制存在区块共识效率低、不满足高频交易场景的问题。针对这些问题，首先提出一种多块Algorand（MB-Algorand）机制来提高区块共识效率；其次将Algorand机制与MB-Algorand机制配合使用得到混合Algorand（H-Algorand）机制，该机制兼顾了区块共识效率与安全性两方面的性能。仿真结果表明，在委员会遭受分布式拒绝服务（DDoS）攻击的情况下，H-Algorand机制以一定的安全性能为代价，换取了区块链网络共识效率的显著提升。当一个区块共识失败的概率在1%时，所提机制使区块链网络共识效率在提升了37.87%的同时，安全性能仅损失4.9%。

关键词: 区块链, 共识机制, 分布式拒绝服务攻击, 高频交易, 共识效率

Abstract: The public blockchain, which is open to the whole network and has no user authorization mechanism, has received widespread attention from the industry. The Algorand mechanism with good scalability and low fork probability is widely used in the public blockchain. However, the Algorand mechanism has low consensus efficiency and does not satisfy the high frequency trading scenarios. In order to solve these problems, firstly, a Multi-Block Algorand (MB-Algorand) mechanism was proposed to improve the block consensus efficiency. Then, a Hybid-Algorand (H-Algorand) mechanism based on Algorand mechanism and MB-Algorand mechanism was proposed, which can ensure both the block consensus efficiency and security. The simulation results show that the H-Algorand mechanism can obtain a significant improvement in the consensus efficiency of blockchain network in expense of a small loss of security performance when the committee is under the Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attack. When the probability of a block consensus failure is 1%, the proposed mechanism makes the blockchain network consensus efficiency increased by 37.87% with only 4.9% loss in the security performance.

Key words: blockchain, consensus mechanism, Distributed Denial sf Service (DDoS) attack, high frequency trading, consensus efficiency

中图分类号:

TP391.9

王波, 任英琦, 黄冬艳. H-Algorand:基于多块输出的公有链共识机制[J]. 计算机应用, 2020, 40(7): 2150-2154.

WANG Bo, REN Yingqi, HUANG Dongyan. H-Algorand:public blockchain consensus mechanism based on multi-block output[J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2020, 40(7): 2150-2154.

参考文献

[1] NAKAMOTO S. Bitcoin:a peer-to-peer electronic cash system[EB/OL].[2018-12-08]. https://bitcoin.org/en/bitcoin-paper/.
[2] SUN H,MAO H,BAI X,et al. Multi-blockchain model for central bank digital currency[C]//Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Computing,Applications and Technologies. Piscataway:IEEE,2017:360-367.
[3] MIKULA T,JACOBSEN R H. Identity and access management with blockchain in electronic healthcare records[C]//Proceedings of the 21st Euromicro Conference on Digital System Design. Piscat-away:IEEE,2018:699-706.
[4] 韦安垒. 公有链技术及其应用价值[J]. 互联网经济,2018(7):26-31. (WEI A L. The applied value of public chain technology[J]. The Internet Economy,2018(7):26-31.)
[5] RAIKWAR M,GLIGOROSKI D,KRALEVSKA K. SoK of used cryptography in blockchain[J]. IEEE Access,2019,7:148550-148575.
[6] WANG W,HOANG D T,HU P,et al. A survey on consensus mechanisms and mining strategy management in blockchain net-works[J]. IEEE Access,2019, 7:22328-22370.
[7] EOSIO. EOS. IO technical white paper v2[EB/OL].[2020-03-05]. https://github.com/EOSIO/Documentation/blob/master/Techni-calWhitePaper.md/.
[8] Peercoin. Proof of stake[EB/OL].[2020-03-05]. https://docs.peercoin.net/#/proof-of-stake/.
[9] Bitshares. Delegated proof-of-stake consensus[EB/OL].[2020-03-05]. https://bitshares.org/technology/delegated-proof-of-stake-con-sensus/.
[10] MICALI S. ALGORAND:the efficient and democratic ledger[EB/OL].[2020-03-05]. https://arxiv.org/pdf/1607.01341v1.pdf.
[11] GILAD Y,HEMO R,MICALI S,et al. Algorand:scaling byzan-tine agreements for cryptocurrencies[C]//Proceedings of the 26th Symposium on Operating Systems Principles. New York:ACM, 2017:51-68.
[12] MICALI S,RABIN M,VADHAN S. Verifiable random functions[C]//Proceedings of the 40th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science. Piscataway:IEEE,1999:120-130.
[13] 李彬, 曹望璋, 张洁, 等. 基于异构区块链的多能系统交易体系及关键技术[J]. 电力系统自动化,2018,42(4):183-193.(LI B,CAO W Z,ZHANG J,et al. Transaction system and key tech-nologies of multi-energy system based on heterogeneous blockchain[J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2018, 42(4):183-193.)
[14] LI K,LI H,HOU H,et al. Proof of vote:a high-performance con-sensus protocol based on vote mechanism & consortium blockchain[C]//Proceedings of the IEEE 19th International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications and IEEE 15th International Conference on Smart City and IEEE 3rd International Conference on Data Science and Systems. Piscataway:IEEE, 2017:466-473.
[15] KOKORIS-KOGIAS E,JOVANOVIC P,GAILLY N,et al. En-hancing bitcoin security and performance with strong consistency via collective signing[C]//Proceedings of the 25th USENIX Securi-ty Symposium,Berkeley:USENIX,2016:279-296.
[16] PASS R,SHI E. The sleepy model of consensus[C]//Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on the Theory and Application of Cryptology and Information Security,LNCS 10625. Cham:Springer,2017:380-409.
[17] MOUBARAK J,FILIOL E,CHAMOUN M. On blockchain securi-ty and relevant attacks[C]//Proceedings of the 2018 IEEE Middle East and North Africa Communications Conference. Piscataway:IEEE,2018:1-6.
[18] WANG Y. Another look at ALGORAND[EB/OL].[2020-03-05]. https://arxiv.org/pdf/1905.04463.pdf.

H-Algorand:基于多块输出的公有链共识机制

H-Algorand:public blockchain consensus mechanism based on multi-block output

PDF

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

参考文献

相关文章 15

编辑推荐

Metrics

[1]	葛纪红, 沈韬. 基于区块链的能源数据访问控制方法[J]. 计算机应用, 2021, 41(9): 2615-2622.
[2]	申玉民, 王金龙, 胡殿凯, 刘星宇. 基于区块链的建筑信息模型图纸多人协同创作系统[J]. 计算机应用, 2021, 41(8): 2338-2345.
[3]	杨龙海, 王学渊, 蒋和松. 改进SM2签名方法的区块链数字签名方案[J]. 计算机应用, 2021, 41(7): 1983-1988.
[4]	陈葳葳, 曹利, 顾翔. 基于区块链的车联网电子取证模型[J]. 计算机应用, 2021, 41(7): 1989-1995.
[5]	卿欣艺, 陈玉玲, 周正强, 涂园超, 李涛. 基于中国剩余定理的区块链存储扩展模型[J]. 计算机应用, 2021, 41(7): 1977-1982.
[6]	刘宏宇, 梁秀波, 吴俊涵. 基于Kubernetes的Fabric链码管理及高可用技术[J]. 计算机应用, 2021, 41(4): 956-962.
[7]	李蓓, 张问银, 王九如, 赵伟, 王海峰. 基于区块链的密封式投标拍卖方案[J]. 计算机应用, 2021, 41(4): 999-1004.
[8]	田志宏, 赵金东. 面向物联网的区块链共识机制综述[J]. 计算机应用, 2021, 41(4): 917-929.
[9]	张学旺, 殷梓杰, 冯家琦, 叶财金, 付康. 基于区块链与可信计算的数据交易方案[J]. 计算机应用, 2021, 41(4): 939-944.
[10]	张国潮, 唐华云, 陈建海, 沈睿, 何钦铭, 黄步添. 基于区块链的数字音乐版权管理系统[J]. 计算机应用, 2021, 41(4): 945-955.
[11]	刘宇, 朱朝阳, 李金泽, 劳源基, 覃团发. 检测型的联盟区块链共识算法d-PBFT[J]. 计算机应用, 2021, 41(3): 756-762.
[12]	高昊昱, 李雷孝, 林浩, 李杰, 邓丹, 李少旭. 区块链在数据完整性保护领域的研究与应用进展[J]. 计算机应用, 2021, 41(3): 745-755.
[13]	罗长银, 陈学斌, 马春地, 王君宇. 面向区块链的在线联邦增量学习算法[J]. 计算机应用, 2021, 41(2): 363-371.
[14]	巫光福, 王影军. 基于区块链与云-边缘计算混合架构的车联网数据安全存储与共享方案[J]. 计算机应用, 2021, 41(10): 2885-2892.
[15]	陈锦宇, 刘兆伟. 基于改进投票证明共识协议的车联网系统[J]. 计算机应用, 2021, 41(1): 170-176.