Abstract: Anonymity communication is a hot topic in the area of network and communication. The origin of anonymity communication was first outlined, and the framework of anonymity communication in terms of anonymity property, adversary capability and network type were described. Then the research of anonymity communication was investigated, and a brief description of several major anonymity communication systems including Anonymizer, Tor, Mixminion, Crowds and Tarzan was provided. Finally the challenges confronted in the development of anonymity communication were proposed, including the user experience of anonymity communication, credibility evaluation system of relay node and misbehavior of anonymity communication.

Key words: anonymity communication, basic framework, relay node

摘要： 匿名通信是网络与通信领域的热门课题。首先描述了匿名通信的起源，并从匿名属性、对手能力和网络类型三个方面对匿名通信的基本框架进行了阐述。然后阐述了匿名通信的研究现状，并对若干具有代表性的匿名通信系统进行了简要描述，匿名通信系统包括Anonymizer、Tor、Mixminion、Crowds和Tarzan。最后提出了匿名通信发展面临的挑战，包括匿名通信系统的用户体验、中继节点的信誉评价体系和匿名通信系统的滥用行为。

关键词: 匿名通信, 基本框架, 中继节点