In order to solve the storage challenges caused by the rapid growth of blockchain data， an improved consistent hashing algorithm was proposed to achieve blockchain storage expansion. To address the issues of uneven storage load and data skew of nodes in Hyperledger Fabric for enterprise-level applications， an improved solution based on consistent hashing algorithm was proposed， namely Hash algorithm based on Virtual Node allocation and Dynamic Weight Strategy （VNDWS）. Firstly， a virtual node allocation mechanism was adopted to dynamically assign multiple virtual nodes to each physical node， ensuring an even distribution of data across the hashing ring and reducing load imbalance. Secondly， a dynamic weight mechanism was applied to adjust weights in real-time based on performance indicators such as node storage capacity and network latency， enabling high-performance nodes to handle larger data load， and thereby optimizing data distribution and storage efficiency. Simulation experimental results showed that compared to the traditional blockchain Fabric network and the conventional consistent hashing algorithm， VNDWS reduced node storage consumption by 48.31 and 6.39 percentage points， respectively， while improving data query efficiency by 96.25% and 21.95%. VNDWS effectively reduces node storage consumption and enhances query efficiency in terms of storage expansion.