With the development of wireless communication technology and high-precision mobile positioning technology， Internet of Vehicles （IoV） has become deeply embedded in everyday life. While IoV brings convenience to people， it also brings privacy risks. Typically， in IoV， vehicle driving information interacts with information of other vehicles and infrastructure in real time. During the interaction process， privacy issues such as the leakage of sensitive information may occur. Firstly， the location privacy architecture and privacy risks of IoV were introduced. Secondly， the dynamic noise allocation mechanism， multi-dimensional differential privacy trajectory protection and data perturbation technology in differential privacy were presented. Thirdly， the spatial generalization based on anonymization and the K-anonymity， as well as the asymmetric encryption， symmetric encryption， and homomorphic encryption of encryption mechanism were introduced. Finally， the advantages， disadvantages， limitations and other aspects of differential privacy， anonymity， and encryption mechanisms were analyzed and evaluated.