Abstract: Aiming at the problem of high cost and long time consumption of updating the electronic map in navigation system, a new road judgment and electron map updating algorithm based on failure data screening was proposed, which utilized the circumstances of unsuccessful matching between the history GPS track of floating vehicle and the current electronic map. First of all, the main direction of the travel path was judged by calculating the horizontal and vertical spans of all the failure points. Secondly, elegant point screening was used to cull the misregistration groups of data points due to the malfunction of the on-board GPS equipment; then the linear least square method was used for the linear fitting of failure-matching abnormal trajectory to determine the position and direction of the track; the positioning data point groups with large error were culled by angle screening. Finally, the screened trajectory data was fused and ordered by the main direction. Combined with the road network structure of electronic map, the new road was inserted into the current road network according to the matching results of the endpoints of the new road. Experiments were conducted on the electronic map of a local area network of some city. Experimental results show that the method can accurately determine and screen the new road, and rightly insert the new road into the current network structure of the electronic map.

Key words: new road finding, elegant point screening, trace fitting, angle screening, map updating

摘要： 针对导航系统中电子地图的更新代价大、耗时长的问题，结合浮动车的历史GPS轨迹信息匹配到当前电子地图中时匹配时效的情形，提出了一种基于失效数据筛选的新道路判定和电子地图更新算法。首先，通过计算全部失效点的横纵跨度判断行驶轨迹的主方向。其次，通过飘逸筛选，剔除可能由于车载GPS采集设备因故障而产生的定位失准数据点组；利用基于直线的最小二乘法，对匹配失效的异常轨迹进行线性拟合，以确定轨迹的位置和方向；通过角度筛选，剔除误差较大的定位数据点组。最后，将筛选所得新道路的轨迹数据进行融合并排序，结合电子地图的路网结构，根据新道路的路段端点的匹配结果，将新道路插入到当前GIS电子地图的路网中。通过在某城市局部区域的电子地图路网数据上进行实验，结果表明该方法能够准确地判定和筛选新增道路，并将其正确地插入到电子地图的当前路网结构中。

关键词: 新道路发现, 飘逸筛选, 轨迹拟合, 角度筛选, 地图更新