Fake news detection method based on blockchain technology

doi:10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2021111885

Journal of Computer Applications ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (11): 3458-3464.DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2021111885

• 2021 CCF China Blockchain Conference （CCF CBCC 2021） • Previous Articles

Fake news detection method based on blockchain technology

Shengjia GONG¹, Linlin ZHANG¹^,²(), Kai ZHAO¹^,², Juntao LIU¹, Han YANG¹

^1.School of Information Science and Engineering，Xinjiang University，Urumqi Xinjiang 830046，China
^2.School of Cyber Science and Engineering，Xinjiang University，Urumqi Xinjiang 830046，China

Received:2021-11-08 Revised:2021-11-19 Accepted:2021-12-06 Online:2021-12-31 Published:2022-11-10
Contact: Linlin ZHANG
About author:GONG Shengjia， born in 1996， M. S. candidate. His research interests include blockchain.
ZHANG Linlin， born in 1974， Ph. D.， associate professor. Her research interests include blockchain， big data analysis.
ZHAO Kai， born in 1976， Ph. D.， associate professor. His research interests include malicious code detection， cloud computing security.
LIU Juntao， born in 1996， M. S. candidate. His research interests include blockchain.
YANG Han， born in 1998， M. S. candidate. His research interests include blockchain.
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(12061071);Natural Science Foundation of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2019D01C062)

基于区块链技术的虚假新闻检测方法

龚胜佳¹, 张琳琳¹^,²(), 赵楷¹^,², 刘军涛¹, 杨涵¹

^1.新疆大学信息科学与工程学院，乌鲁木齐 830046
^2.新疆大学网络空间安全学院，乌鲁木齐 830046

通讯作者: 张琳琳
作者简介:龚胜佳（1996—），男，湖北天门人，硕士研究生，CCF会员，主要研究方向：区块链
张琳琳（1974—），女（蒙古族），河南镇平人，副教授，博士，主要研究方向：区块链、大数据分析 zllnadasha@xju.edu.cn
赵楷（1976—），男，安徽肥东人，副教授，博士，主要研究方向：恶意代码检测、云计算安全
刘军涛（1996—），男，山东临沂人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向：区块链
杨涵（1998—），男，吉林延边人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向：区块链。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(12061071);新疆维吾尔自治区创新环境（人才、基地）建设专项—自然科学计划（自然科学基金）(2019D01C062)

Abstract

Abstract:

Fake news not only leads to misconceptions and damages people's right to know the truth， but also reduces the credibility of news websites. In view of the occurrence of fake news in news websites， a fake news detection method based on blockchain technology was proposed. Firstly， the smart contract was invoked to randomly assign reviewers for the news for determining the authenticity of the news. Then， the credibility of the review results was improved by adjusting the number of reviewers and ensuring the number of effective reviewers. At the same time， the incentive mechanism was designed with rewards distributed according to the reviewers' behaviors， and the reviewers' behaviors and rewards were analyzed by game theory. In order to gain the maximum benefit， the reviewers' behaviors should be honest. An auditing mechanism was designed to detect malicious reviewers to improve system security. Finally， a simple blockchain fake news detection system was implemented by using Ethereum smart contract and simulated for fake news detection， and the results show that the accuracy of news authenticity detection of the proposed method reaches 95%， indicating that the proposed method can effectively prevent the release of fake news.

Key words: blockchain, smart contract, fake news, news website, game theory

摘要：

虚假新闻不仅会导致人们形成错误观念，损害人们的知情权，还会降低新闻网站公信力。针对新闻网站出现虚假新闻的问题，提出一种基于区块链技术的虚假新闻检测方法。首先，通过调用智能合约为新闻随机分配审核者来判定新闻的真实性。然后，调整审核者数量以确保有效审核者的数量，提高审核结果的可信度。同时设计激励机制，根据审核者的行为分配奖励，并运用博弈论分析审核者的行为和获得的奖励，为了获得最大利益，审核者的行为必须是诚实的。而后设计审计机制检测恶意的审核者，以提高系统的安全性。最后，利用以太坊智能合约实现了一个简易的区块链虚假新闻检测系统，并对虚假新闻检测进行了仿真，结果显示所提方法的新闻真实性检测的准确率达到了95%，表明该方法可有效防止虚假新闻的发布。

关键词: 区块链, 智能合约, 虚假新闻, 新闻网站, 博弈论

CLC Number:

TP309

Shengjia GONG, Linlin ZHANG, Kai ZHAO, Juntao LIU, Han YANG. Fake news detection method based on blockchain technology[J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2022, 42(11): 3458-3464.

龚胜佳, 张琳琳, 赵楷, 刘军涛, 杨涵. 基于区块链技术的虚假新闻检测方法[J]. 《计算机应用》唯一官方网站, 2022, 42(11): 3458-3464.

Figures/Tables 9

Fig. 1 Flow of fake news detection

Tab. 1 Reviewers' behavior reward distribution

审核行为	新闻为真	新闻为假
发送新闻为真	1	-10
发送新闻为假	-1	10
不发送	0	0
放弃审核	0	0

Tab. 2 Three reviewers' benefits under game

$v 3$	$v 1$
	$r 1$ ：真		$r 1$ ：假
	$v 2$		$v 2$
	$r 2$ ：真	$r 2$ ：假	$r 2$ ：真	$r 2$ ：假
$r 3$ ：真	（1，1，1）	（1，‒10，1）	（‒10，1，1）	（10，10，‒10）
$r 3$ ：假	（1，1，‒10）	（-10，10，10）	（10，‒10，10）	（10，10，10）

Tab. 2 Three reviewers' benefits under game

$v 3$	$v 1$
	$r 1$ ：真		$r 1$ ：假
	$v 2$		$v 2$
	$r 2$ ：真	$r 2$ ：假	$r 2$ ：真	$r 2$ ：假
$r 3$ ：真	（1，1，1）	（1，‒10，1）	（‒10，1，1）	（10，10，‒10）
$r 3$ ：假	（1，1，‒10）	（-10，10，10）	（10，‒10，10）	（10，10，10）

Fig. 2 System structure

Tab. 3 Reviewer distribution announcement

新闻

新闻发布

时间戳

审核者列表

1624089093049

0x9c03b606ed7b0327303a54d01752946fe581cad5， 0x6df8b6e1fc260684615855e0fff5ff39d93bd9d4， 0xc16037d06a6b8a731ef7798f4a00dd5ff48da202

1624089099204

0x1a2be292409b1090dbe1f7cfd7f1373c516ac8bd， 0x2269286cb4c36273d6edd572a63a61a677814030， 0x120639dc32f2be47def25d06b942ac82251cad3d

1624089105550

0x9c03b606ed7b0327303a54d01752946fe581cad5，0x2269286cb4c36273d6edd572a63a61a677814030， 0xc16037d06a6b8a731ef7798f4a00dd5ff48da202

Fig. 3 Example of news website review

Tab. 4 Smart contract consumption

查询接口	发布新闻	查看新闻	新闻结算	用户注册	发送新闻真	发送新闻假	查看审核者	更改为离线	更改为在线	放弃审核
生成区块链交易	357 954	61 902	125 004	138 698	22 587	22 970	26 777	20 032	50 065	22 336
状态查询	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0	0

Fig. 4 Influence of number of reviewers

Fig. 5 Influence of number of reviers in conspiracy

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Fake news detection method based on blockchain technology

基于区块链技术的虚假新闻检测方法

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