Abstract: Since the vehicles provided by current online car rental platforms are in the fixed price, there are some issues coming up such as unreasonable allocation of the vehicle resources, unreliable price that could not indicates the real market supply and demand timely, and generally low social welfare. Therefore, an auction based vehicle allocation and pricing mechanism for car rental was proposed. Firstly, a mathematical model and a social welfare maximization objective function were established by studying the model of online car rental issues. Secondly, based on the minimum cost and maximum flow algorithm, the optimal vehicle resource allocation algorithm was adopted among the rental vehicle allocation algorithms. Finally, in terms of the price calculation algorithms, a truthful VCG (Vickrey-Clarke-Groves) price algorithm was used to calculate the final price. As a result, compared with the traditional first-come-first-serving algorithms, the order success rate of the proposed scheme was increased by 20% to 30%, and the revenue was increased by about 30%. Theoretical analysis and experiment results show that the proposed mechanism has the advantages of optimizing vehicle allocation and flexible price strategy.

Key words: sharing economy, online car rental, vehicle resource allocation, auction mechanism, social welfare, VCG (Vickrey-Clarke-Groves) pricing mechanism

摘要： 针对目前线上汽车租赁平台使用固定价格的方式来租赁车辆给用户，存在着租赁车辆分配不合理、定价不能及时反映真实的市场供需情况、整体社会福利较低等问题，提出一种基于竞价的租赁车辆分配与定价机制。首先，研究了线上汽车租赁问题模型，抽象出数学模型与社会福利最大目标函数；然后，在租赁车辆分配算法中采用基于最小费用最大流算法的最优化车辆资源分配算法；最后，在价格支付算法中采用了可信的VCG价格算法，计算出用户最终的支付价格。对比传统的先来先服务算法，基于竞价的租赁车辆分配与定价机制在订单成功率方面提升了20%~30%，在平台收益方面增加了30%左右。实验结果表明，所提出的机制具有车辆分配最优化、弹性价格的优势。

关键词: 共享经济, 线上汽车租赁, 车辆资源分配, 竞价机制, 社会福利, VCG定价机制