Abstract: Precipitation data quality of regional automatic weather stations determines the missed alarm and false probability of weather warning, but it is difficult to verify the validity of the data by only relying on space and time correlation of automatic data. Precipitation of weather radar can verify automatic weather station data. However, it is difficult to determine the coverage of weather stations by radar station due to heterogeneous and complex geographical environment of radar station, which results in constant error-checking. This paper built a coverage matching algorithm of radar stations and automatic weather stations by using the layer volume scan mode and the radar beam occlusion model of weather radar. Automatic stations and radar stations matching software based on the algorithm can effectively support Automatic Weather Station (AWS) precipitation data inspection.

Key words: Automatic Weather Station (AWS), weather radar, quality control, beam blocking, matching algorithm

摘要： 区域气象自动站收集降水数据的质量，直接决定着气象预警的漏警与虚假概率，但是仅依靠自动站间采集数据的时空相关性难以准确验证数据的有效性。通过天气雷达对降水滴谱的分析可以对自动站数据进行校验。但是，雷达站的系统异构性和地理环境的复杂性使其难以判定所覆盖的气象站，易产生错误校验。结合天气雷达的层体扫模式和雷达波束的遮挡模型，构建了雷达站与自动气象站点的覆盖匹配算法，基于该算法实现的自动站与雷达站匹配软件可有效的实现雷达站与自动站配对，从而为对自动站降水数据进行校验提供基础保障。

关键词: 自动气象站, 天气雷达, 质量控制, 波束遮挡, 匹配算法