Abstract: Concerning the existing problems in the current key management strategies, lower connectivity, higher storage consumption and communication cost, this paper proposed a mixed key management scheme based on domain for Wireless Sensor Network (WSN). The scheme divided the deployment area into a number of square areas, which consisted of member nodes and head nodes. According to their pre-distribution key space information, any pair of nodes in the same area could find a session key, but the nodes in different areas could only communicate with each other through head nodes. The eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the multiple asymmetric quadratic form polynomials were computed, and then the orthogonal diagonalization information was got, by which the head nodes could achieve identification and generate the session key between its neighbor nodes. The analysis of performance shows that compared with the existing key management schemes, this scheme has full connectivity and a bigger improvement in terms of communication overhead, storage consumption and safety.

Key words: Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), key management, key distribution, quadratic form, eigenvalue, eigenvector

摘要： 针对现有密钥管理方案连通性不高、计算开销和通信消耗较大等问题,提出一种基于区域的无线传感器网络(WSN)混合密钥管理方案。该方案将部署区域划分为多个正方形区域,区域由成员节点和头节点组成。同一区域中任意两个节点都能够根据预分配的密钥空间信息建立起会话密钥,而不同区域间只能通过头节点进行通信。计算多元非对称二次型多项式的特征值和特征向量,然后得到正交化信息,头节点通过交换该信息实现身份认证并生成与邻居节点之间的会话密钥。性能分析表明,与现有的密钥管理方案相比,该方案具有完全连通性,在通信开销、存储消耗、安全性等方面均有较大改进。

关键词: 无线传感器网络, 密钥管理, 密钥分配, 二次型, 特征值, 特征向量