关键词: 无线传感器网络, 多sink节点, 网络寿命, 网络成本, 能量模型

Abstract: In a large-scale Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), the nodes closer to the single sink node use up their energy more quickly than others because of relaying more packets so that the network is invalid rapidly. In order to elongate the network lifetime, it is required to deduce the hops from sensor node to sink node. An efficient method is to deploy multiple sink nodes instead of single one. Therefore, it needs to be considered that how many sink nodes should be deployed on minimizing network cost and maximizing network lifetime. A network lifetime model and a cost model were proposed in WSN with multiple sink nodes and a new method was presented to determine the optimal number of sink nodes by computing the Ratio of Lifetime to Cost (RLC). The theoretical studies show that the number of sink nodes is related to the cost of sensor nodes and sink nodes, the network scale, the number of critical sensor nodes and the transmission power of sensor node. The simulation results prove the theoretical conclusion.

Key words: Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), multiple sink node, network lifetime, network cost, energy model