Abstract: Biological neurons had non-associative learning mechanisms, and a novel learning neuron with non-associative learning mechanisms was designed. Firstly, the simplified description of the habituation learning mechanism and the dishabituation learning mechanisms are researched in the non-associative learning mechanism; Secondly, the mathematical models of habituation and dishabituation learning mechanisms are established; Finally, based on the classical M-P (McCulloch - Pitts) neuron model, the learning neuron model with the ability of habituation and dishabituation learning was proposed. The simulation results verify that study neurons have typical habituation and dishabituation learning ability, and provides a good foundation for the construction of the new neural network.