Survey on combination of computation offloading and blockchain in internet of things

doi:10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2022091466

Journal of Computer Applications ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (10): 3008-3016.DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2022091466

• Blockchain technology • Previous Articles Next Articles

Survey on combination of computation offloading and blockchain in internet of things

Rui MEN¹^,², Shujia FAN³, Axida SHAN¹, Shaoyu DU¹, Xiumei FAN¹()

^1.Faculty of Automation and Information Engineering，Xi’an University of Technology，Xi’an Shaanxi 710048，China
^2.School of Mathematics and Information Engineering，Longdong University，Qingyang Gansu 745000，China
^3.Department of Computer Science and Technology，Tsinghua University，Beijing 100084，China

Received:2022-10-08 Revised:2023-02-07 Accepted:2023-02-11 Online:2023-04-19 Published:2023-10-10
Contact: Xiumei FAN
About author:MEN Rui， born in 1987， Ph. D. candidate， lecturer. Her research interests include internet of vehicles， edge computing.
FAN Shujia， born in 1994， Ph. D. candidate. Her research interests include big data， blockchain， application of educational metaverse.
Axida， born in 1980， Ph. D.， associate professor. His research interests include collaborative communication technology， incentive mechanism.
DU Shaoyu， born in 1999， M. S. candidate. His research interests include internet of vehicles， blockchain.
Supported by:
Foreign Expert Project of Ministry of Science and Technology(G2022041009L);Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(2021GY-072);Scientific Research Innovation Project of Higher Education of Department of Education of Gansu Province(2020A-117);Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Natural Science Foundation(2022MS06007);Scientific Research Project of Higher Education of Department of Education of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region(NJZY22035)

物联网中结合计算卸载和区块链的综述

门瑞¹^,², 樊书嘉³, 阿喜达¹, 杜邵昱¹, 樊秀梅¹()

^1.西安理工大学自动化与信息工程学院, 西安 710048
^2.陇东学院数学与信息工程学院, 甘肃庆阳 745000
^3.清华大学计算机科学与技术系, 北京 100084

通讯作者: 樊秀梅
作者简介:门瑞（1987—），女，甘肃宁县人，讲师，博士研究生，主要研究方向：车联网、边缘计算
樊书嘉（1994—），女，北京人，博士研究生，主要研究方向：大数据、区块链、教育元宇宙应用
阿喜达（1980—），男（蒙古族），内蒙古呼伦贝尔人，副教授，博士，主要研究方向：协作通信技术、激励机制
杜邵昱（1999—），男，陕西蓝田人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向：车联网、区块链；
基金资助:
科技部外国专家项目(G2022041009L);陕西省重点研发计划项目(2021GY?072);甘肃省教育厅高校科研创新项目(2020A?117);内蒙古自治区自然科学基金资助项目(2022MS06007);内蒙古自治区教育厅高校科研项目(NJZY22035)

Abstract

Abstract:

With the recent development of mobile communication technology and the popularization of smart devices， the computation-intensive tasks of the terminal devices can be offloaded to edge servers to solve the problem of insufficient resources. However， the distributed nature of computation offloading technology exposes terminal devices and edge servers to security risks. And， blockchain technology can provide a safe environment transaction for the computation offloading system. The combination of the above two technologies can solve the insufficient resource and the security problems in internet of things. Therefore， the research results of applications combining computation offloading with blockchain technologies in internet of things were surveyed. Firstly， the application scenarios and system functions in the combination of computation offloading and blockchain technologies were analyzed. Then， the main problems solved by blockchain technology and the key techniques used in this technology were summarized in the computation offloading system. The formulation methods， optimization objectives and optimization algorithms of computation offloading strategies in the blockchain system were classified. Finally， the problems in the combination were provided， and the future directions of development in this area were prospected.

Key words: internet of things, computation offloading, resource management, offloading decision, blockchain, consensus algorithm

摘要：

随着移动通信技术的快速发展和智能终端的普及，将终端设备的计算密集型任务卸载至边缘服务器能够解决终端设备算力不足的问题。然而，计算卸载技术分布式的属性使终端设备和边缘服务器面临较大的安全隐患；同时，区块链技术能为计算卸载系统提供安全的资源交易环境。以上两个技术的结合可以解决物联网中的资源不足和安全问题，因此对物联网中计算卸载和区块链技术结合应用的研究成果进行综述。首先，分析了计算卸载技术和区块链技术结合的应用场景和系统功能；其次，归纳了区块链技术在计算卸载系统中解决的主要问题和使用的关键技术，并分类总结了区块链系统中的计算卸载策略的制定方式、优化目标及优化算法；最后，提出了二者结合使用中存在的问题，并展望了未来的发展方向。

关键词: 物联网, 计算卸载, 资源管理, 卸载决策, 区块链, 共识算法

CLC Number:

TP391

Rui MEN, Shujia FAN, Axida SHAN, Shaoyu DU, Xiumei FAN. Survey on combination of computation offloading and blockchain in internet of things[J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2023, 43(10): 3008-3016.

门瑞, 樊书嘉, 阿喜达, 杜邵昱, 樊秀梅. 物联网中结合计算卸载和区块链的综述[J]. 《计算机应用》唯一官方网站, 2023, 43(10): 3008-3016.

Figures/Tables 1

References 65

1	JIAO L， FRIEDMAN R， FU X， et al. Cloud-based computation offloading for mobile devices： state of the art， challenges and opportunities［C］// Proceedings of the 2013 Future Network and Mobile Summit. Piscataway： IEEE， 2013： 1-11.
2	FLORES H， HUI P， TARKOMA S， et al. Mobile code offloading： from concept to practice and beyond［J］. IEEE Communications Magazine， 2015， 53（3）：80-88. 10.1109/mcom.2015.7060486
3	DANZI P， KALØR A E， STEFANOVIĆ Č， et al. Delay and communication tradeoffs for blockchain systems with lightweight IoT clients［J］. IEEE Internet of Things Journal， 2019， 6（2）： 2354-2365. 10.1109/jiot.2019.2906615
4	XU J， CHEN L X， LIU K， et al. Designing security-aware incentives for computation offloading via device-to-device communication［J］. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications， 2018， 17（9）： 6053-6066. 10.1109/twc.2018.2854579
5	JIAO Y， WANG P， NIYATO D， et al. Auction mechanisms in cloud/fog computing resource allocation for public blockchain networks［J］. IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems， 2019， 30（9）： 1975-1989. 10.1109/tpds.2019.2900238
6	NAKAMOTO S. Bitcoin： a peer-to-peer electronic cash system［EB/OL］. ［2022-07-12］.. 10.2139/ssrn.3977007
7	WOOD G. Ethereum： a secure decentralized generalized transaction ledger［EB/OL］. ［2022-07-12］..
8	MINOLI D， OCCHIOGROSSO B. Blockchain mechanisms for IoT security［J］. Internet of Things， 2018， 1/2： 1-13. 10.1016/j.iot.2018.05.002
9	LI Z， XU M， NIE J， et al. NOMA-enabled cooperative computation offloading for blockchain-empowered internet of things： a learning approach［J］. IEEE Internet of Things Journal， 2021， 8（4）： 2364-2378. 10.1109/jiot.2020.3016644
10	SAMANIEGO M， DETERS R. Virtual resources & blockchain for configuration management in IoT［J］. Journal of Ubiquitous Systems and Pervasive Networks， 2017， 9（2）： 1-13. 10.5383/juspn.09.02.001
11	YANG R， YU F R， SI P， et al. Integrated blockchain and edge computing systems： a survey， some research issues and challenges［J］. IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials， 2019， 21（2）： 1508-1532. 10.1109/comst.2019.2894727
12	LIAO H， MU Y， ZHOU Z， et al. Blockchain and learning-based secure and intelligent task offloading for vehicular fog computing［J］. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems， 2021， 22（7）： 4051-4063. 10.1109/tits.2020.3007770
13	ZHENG X， LI M， CHEN Y， et al. Blockchain-based secure computation offloading in vehicular networks［J］. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems， 2021， 22（7）： 4073-4087. 10.1109/tits.2020.3014229
14	DAI Y， XU D， ZHANG K， et al. Deep reinforcement learning and permissioned blockchain for content caching in vehicular edge computing and networks［J］. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology， 2020， 69（4）： 4312-4324. 10.1109/tvt.2020.2973705
15	LAKHAN A， AHMAD M， BILAL M， et al. Mobility aware blockchain enabled offloading and scheduling in vehicular fog cloud computing［J］. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems， 2021， 22（7）： 4212-4223. 10.1109/tits.2021.3056461
16	CUI L， CHEN Z， YANG S， et al. A blockchain-based containerized edge computing platform for the internet of vehicles［J］. IEEE Internet of Things Journal， 2021， 8（4）： 2395-2408. 10.1109/jiot.2020.3027700
17	LI M， ZHU L， LIN X. Efficient and privacy-preserving carpooling using blockchain-assisted vehicular fog computing［J］. IEEE Internet of Things Journal， 2019， 6（3）： 4573-4584. 10.1109/jiot.2018.2868076
18	XU S， LIAO B， YANG C， et al. Deep reinforcement learning assisted edge-terminal collaborative offloading algorithm of blockchain computing tasks for energy internet［J］. International Journal of Electrical Power and Energy Systems， 2021， 131： No.107022. 10.1016/j.ijepes.2021.107022
19	GAI K， WU Y， ZHU L， et al. Permissioned blockchain and edge computing empowered privacy-preserving smart grid networks［J］. IEEE Internet of Things Journal， 2019， 6（5）： 7992-8004. 10.1109/jiot.2019.2904303
20	WANG J， WU L， CHOO K K R， et al. Blockchain-based anonymous authentication with key management for smart grid edge computing infrastructure［J］. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics， 2020， 16（3）： 1984-1992. 10.1109/tii.2019.2936278
21	RAHMAN M A， HOSSAIN M S， LOUKAS G， et al. Blockchain-based mobile edge computing framework for secure therapy applications［J］. IEEE Access， 2018， 6： 72469-72478. 10.1109/access.2018.2881246
22	ISLAM N， FAHEEM Y， DIN I UD， et al. A blockchain-based fog computing framework for activity recognition as an application to e-Healthcare services［J］. Future Generation Computer Systems， 2019， 100： 569-578. 10.1016/j.future.2019.05.059
23	DENG S， CHENG G， ZHAO H， et al. Incentive-driven computation offloading in blockchain-enabled e-commerce［J］. ACM Transactions on Internet Technology， 2021， 21（1）： No.9. 10.1145/3397160
24	CHEN W， ZHANG Z， HONG Z， et al. Cooperative and distributed computation offloading for blockchain-empowered industrial internet of things［J］. IEEE Internet of Things Journal， 2019， 6（5）： 8433-8446. 10.1109/jiot.2019.2918296
25	KHAN Z， ABBASI A G， PERVEZ Z. Blockchain and edge computing-based architecture for participatory smart city applications［J］. Concurrency and Computation： Practice and Experience， 2020， 32（12）： No.e5566. 10.1002/cpe.5566
26	BOUACHIR O， ALOQAILY M， TSENG L， et al. Blockchain and fog computing for cyberphysical systems： the case of smart industry［J］. Computer， 2020， 53（9）： 36-45. 10.1109/mc.2020.2996212
27	LIU L， FENG J， PEI Q， et al. Blockchain-enabled secure data sharing scheme in mobile-edge computing： an asynchronous advantage actor-critic learning approach［J］. IEEE Internet of Things Journal， 2021， 8（4）： 2342-2353. 10.1109/jiot.2020.3048345
28	TANG W， ZHAO X， RAFIQUE W， et al. A blockchain-based offloading approach in fog computing environment［C］// Proceedings of the 2018 IEEE International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Processing with Applications/ Ubiquitous Computing and Communications/ Big Data and Cloud Computing/ Social Computing and Networking/ Sustainable Computing and Communications. Piscataway： IEEE， 2018： 308-315. 10.1109/bdcloud.2018.00056
29	ZHAO N， WU H， CHEN Y. Coalition game-based computation resource allocation for wireless blockchain networks［J］. IEEE Internet of Things Journal， 2019， 6（5）： 8507-8518. 10.1109/jiot.2019.2919781
30	WU H， WOLTER K， JIAO P， et al. EEDTO： an energy-efficient dynamic task offloading algorithm for blockchain-enabled IoT-edge-cloud orchestrated computing［J］. IEEE Internet of Things Journal， 2021， 8（4）： 2163-2176. 10.1109/jiot.2020.3033521
31	ZHANG Z， HONG Z， CHEN W， et al. Joint computation offloading and coin loaning for blockchain-empowered mobile-edge computing［J］. IEEE Internet of Things Journal， 2019， 6（6）： 9934-9950. 10.1109/jiot.2019.2933445
32	NGUYEN D C， PATHIRANA P N， DING M， et al. Privacy-preserved task offloading in mobile blockchain with deep reinforcement learning［J］. IEEE Transactions on Network and Service Management， 2020， 17（4）： 2536-2549. 10.1109/tnsm.2020.3010967
33	LIU M， YU F R， TENG Y， et al. Distributed resource allocation in blockchain-based video streaming systems with mobile edge computing［J］. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications， 2019， 18（1）： 695-708. 10.1109/twc.2018.2885266
34	张平，李世林，刘宜明，等. 区块链赋能的边缘异构计算系统中资源调度研究［J］. 通信学报， 2020， 41（10）：1-14. 10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2020206
	ZHANG P， LI S L， LIU Y M， et al. Resource management in blockchain-enabled heterogeneous edge computing system［J］. Journal on Communications， 2020， 41（10）： 1-14. 10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2020206
35	QIU X， LIU L， CHEN W， et al. Online deep reinforcement learning for computation offloading in blockchain-empowered mobile edge computing［J］. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology， 2019， 68（8）： 8050-8062. 10.1109/tvt.2019.2924015
36	XU X， CHEN Y， ZHANG X， et al. A blockchain-based computation offloading method for edge computing in 5G networks［J］. Software： Practice and Experience， 2021， 51（10）： 2015-2032. 10.1002/spe.2749
37	HE Y， WANG Y， QIU C， et al. Blockchain-based edge computing resource allocation in IoT： a deep reinforcement learning approach［J］. IEEE Internet of Things Journal， 2021， 8（4）： 2226-2237. 10.1109/jiot.2020.3035437
38	SHARMA P K， CHEN M Y， PARK J H. A software defined fog node based distributed blockchain cloud architecture for IoT［J］. IEEE Access， 2018， 6： 115-124. 10.1109/access.2017.2757955
39	ASHERALIEVA A， NIYATO D. Learning-based mobile edge computing resource management to support public blockchain networks［J］. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing， 2021， 20（3）： 1092-1109. 10.1109/tmc.2019.2959772
40	QIU C， YAO H， JIANG C， et al. Cloud computing assisted blockchain-enabled internet of things［J］. IEEE Transactions on Cloud Computing， 2022， 10（1）： 245-257. 10.1109/tcc.2019.2930259
41	ALI M S， DOLUI K， ANTONELLI F. IoT data privacy via blockchains and IPFS［C］// Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on the Internet of Things. New York： ACM， 2017： No. 14. 10.1145/3131542.3131563
42	林邦. 区块链网络中边缘计算资源分配机制与优化［D］. 北京：北京邮电大学， 2020： 9-32.
	LIN B. Resource allocation mechanism and optimization of mobile edge computing in blockchain networks［D］. Beijing： Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications， 2020： 9-32.
43	XIONG Z， FENG S， WANG W， et al. Cloud/fog computing resource management and pricing for blockchain networks［J］. IEEE Internet of Things Journal， 2019， 6（3）： 4585-4600. 10.1109/jiot.2018.2871706
44	GUO F， YU F R， ZHANG H， et al. Adaptive resource allocation in future wireless networks with blockchain and mobile edge computing［J］. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications， 2020， 19（3）： 1689-1703. 10.1109/twc.2019.2956519
45	SENG S， LUO C， LI X， et al. User matching on blockchain for computation offloading in ultra-dense wireless networks［J］. IEEE Transactions on Network Science and Engineering， 2021， 8（2）： 1167-1177. 10.1109/tnse.2020.3001081
46	XU J， WANG S， BHARGAVA B K， et al. A blockchain-enabled trustless crowd-intelligence ecosystem on mobile edge computing［J］. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics， 2019， 15（6）： 3538-3547. 10.1109/tii.2019.2896965
47	CHATZOPOULOS D， AHMADI M， KOSTA S， et al. FlopCoin： a cryptocurrency for computation offloading［J］. IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing， 2018， 17（5）： 1062-1075. 10.1109/tmc.2017.2748133
48	LIU M， YU F R， TENG Y， et al. Computation offloading and content caching in wireless blockchain networks with mobile edge computing［J］. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology， 2018， 67（11）： 11008-11021. 10.1109/tvt.2018.2866365
49	GUO S， DAI Y， GUO S， et al. Blockchain meets edge computing： Stackelberg game and double auction based task offloading for mobile blockchain［J］. IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology， 2020， 69（5）： 5549-5561. 10.1109/tvt.2020.2982000
50	DOU W， TANG W， LIU B， et al. Blockchain-based mobility-aware offloading mechanism for fog computing services［J］. Computer Communications， 2020， 164： 261-273. 10.1016/j.comcom.2020.10.007
51	史锦山，李茹. 物联网下的区块链访问控制综述［J］. 软件学报， 2019， 30（6）： 1632-1648. 10.13328/j.cnki.jos.005740
	SHI J S， LI R. Survey of blockchain access control in internet of things［J］. Journal of Software， 2019， 30（6）：1632-1648. 10.13328/j.cnki.jos.005740
52	FENG J， YU F R， PEI Q， et al. Cooperative computation offloading and resource allocation for blockchain-enabled mobile-edge computing： a deep reinforcement learning approach［J］. IEEE Internet of Things Journal， 2020， 7（7）： 6214-6228. 10.1109/jiot.2019.2961707
53	FENG J， YU F R， PEI Q， et al. Joint optimization of radio and computational resources allocation in blockchain-enabled mobile edge computing systems［J］. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications， 2020， 19（6）： 4321-4334. 10.1109/twc.2020.2982627
54	SALLAL M F， OWENSON G， ADDA M. Proximity awareness approach to enhance propagation delay on the Bitcoin peer-to-peer network［C］// Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems. Piscataway： IEEE， 2017： 2411-2416. 10.1109/icdcs.2017.53
55	贾大宇，信俊昌，王之琼，等. 存储容量可扩展区块链系统的高效查询模型［J］. 软件学报， 2019， 30（9）：2655-2670. 10.13328/j.cnki.jos.005774
	JIA D Y， XIN J C， WANG Z Q， et al. Efficient query model for storage capacity scalable blockchain system［J］. Journal of Software， 2019， 30（9）：2655-2670. 10.13328/j.cnki.jos.005774
56	WANG X， ZHA X， NI W， et al. Survey on blockchain for internet of things［J］. Computer Communications， 2019， 136： 10-29. 10.1016/j.comcom.2019.01.006
57	WANG Q， WANG H， ZHENG B. An efficient distributed storage strategy for blockchain［C］// Proceedings of the 2019 ACM Turing Celebration Conference - China. New York： ACM， 2019： No.54. 10.1145/3321408.3322840
58	LI R， SONG T， MEI B， et al. Blockchain for large-scale internet of things data storage and protection［J］. IEEE Transactions on Services Computing， 2019， 12（5）：762-771. 10.1109/tsc.2018.2853167
59	孙知信，张鑫，相峰，等. 区块链存储可扩展性研究进展［J］. 软件学报， 2021， 32（1）：1-20.
	SUN Z X， ZHANG X， XIANG F， et al. Survey of storage scalability on blockchain［J］. Journal of Software， 2021， 32（1）：1-20.
60	LI G， CAI J. An online incentive mechanism for collaborative task offloading in mobile edge computing［J］. IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications， 2020， 19（1）： 624-636. 10.1109/twc.2019.2947046
61	XU X， ZHANG X， GAO H， et al. BeCome： blockchain-enabled computation offloading for IoT in mobile edge computing［J］. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics， 2020， 16（6）： 4187-4195. 10.1109/tii.2019.2936869
62	李智勇，王琦，陈一凡，等. 车辆边缘计算环境下任务卸载研究综述［J］. 计算机学报， 2021， 44（5）：963-982. 10.11897/SP.J.1016.2021.00963
	LI Z Y， WANG Q， CHEN Y F， et al. A survey on task offloading research in vehicular edge computing［J］. Chinese Journal of Computers， 2021， 44（5）：963-982. 10.11897/SP.J.1016.2021.00963
63	刘通，唐伦，何小强，等. 融合区块链与雾计算系统中基于网络时延和资源管理的优化任务卸载方案［J］. 电子与信息学报， 2020， 42（9）： 2180-2185. 10.11999/JEIT190654
	LIU T， TANG L， HE X Q， et al. Optimal task offloading scheme based on network delay and resource management in joint blockchain and fog computing system［J］. Journal of Electronics and Information Technology， 2020， 42（9）：2180-2185. 10.11999/JEIT190654
64	HE X， LIU J， JIN R， et al. Privacy-aware offloading in mobile-edge computing［C］// Proceedings of the 2017 IEEE Global Communications Conference. Piscataway： IEEE， 2017： 1-6. 10.1109/glocom.2017.8253985
65	SHAN A， FAN X M， WU C， et al. Quantitative study on impact of static/dynamic selfishness on network performance in VANETs［J］. IEEE Access， 2021， 9： 13186-13197. 10.1109/access.2021.3051976

[1]	Haiying MA, Jinzhou LI, Jikun YANG. Blockchain-based decentralized attribute-based encryption scheme for revocable attributes [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2023, 43(9): 2789-2797.
[2]	Yicheng WAN, Guangxiang YANG, Qingda ZHANG, Chenyang GAN, Lin YI. Impact of non-persistent carrier sense multiple access mechanism on scalability of LoRa networks [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2023, 43(9): 2885-2896.
[3]	Wanzhen CHEN, En ZHANG, Leiyong QIN, Shuangxi HONG. Privacy-preserving federated learning algorithm based on blockchain in edge computing [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2023, 43(7): 2209-2216.
[4]	Luyu CHEN, Xiaofeng MA, Jing HE, Shengzhi GONG, Jian GAO. Blockchain smart contract privacy authorization method based on TrustZone [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2023, 43(6): 1969-1978.
[5]	Meng CAO, Sunjie YU, Hui ZENG, Hongzhou SHI. Hierarchical access control and sharing system of medical data based on blockchain [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2023, 43(5): 1518-1526.
[6]	Yihan WANG, Chen TANG, Lan ZHANG. Anti-fraud and anti-tampering online trading mechanism for bulk stock [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2023, 43(4): 1309-1317.
[7]	Juncheng TONG, Bo ZHAO. Review on blockchain smart contract vulnerability detection and automatic repair [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2023, 43(3): 785-793.
[8]	Dong SUN, Biao WANG, Yun XU. Design and implementation of block transmission mechanism based on remote direct memory access [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2023, 43(2): 484-489.
[9]	Shumin TANG, Yu JIN. Consensus mechanism of voting scheme in blockchain based on Chinese remainder theorem [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2023, 43(2): 458-466.
[10]	Longfei CHEN, Zhongyuan YAO, Heng PAN, Gaoyuan QUAN, Xueming SI. Cross-chain review： mechanisms， protocols， applications and challenges [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2023, 43(10): 3017-3027.
[11]	Pengxin TIAN, Guannan SI, Zhaoliang AN, Jianxin LI, Fengyu ZHOU. Survey of data-driven intelligent cloud-edge collaboration [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2023, 43(10): 3162-3169.
[12]	Qingqing XIE, Nianmin YANG, Xia FENG. Survey on privacy-preserving technology for blockchain transaction [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2023, 43(10): 2996-3007.
[13]	Xiaohan GUO, Zhongyuan YAO, Yong ZHANG, Shangkun GUO, Chao WANG, Xueming SI. Cross-chain privacy protection scheme of consortium blockchain based on improved notary mechanism [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2023, 43(10): 3028-3037.
[14]	Jiaxin WANG, Jiaqi YAN, Qian’ang MAO. Overview of cryptocurrency regulatory technologies research [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2023, 43(10): 2983-2995.
[15]	Yimin SHAO, Fan ZHAO, Yi WANG, Baoquan WANG. Survey of visualization research based on blockchain technology and application [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2023, 43(10): 3038-3046.

Survey on combination of computation offloading and blockchain in internet of things

物联网中结合计算卸载和区块链的综述

RichHTML

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 1

References 65

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics