Abstract: The paper proposed a method to solve the shortcomings of the current Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) three-dimensional localization algorithm in terms of accuracy and complexity. The raster scan was used to resolve the projection cross domain of the neighboring anchor nodes on the two coordinate planes, and got the corresponding positions of the unknown nodes on the two coordinate planes, thus ultimately realizing the three-dimensional position estimate. Finally, the locations of the unknown nodes in three-dimension were estimated. The simulation result shows that when 200 sensor nodes were deployed randomly confined to the space of 100m*100m*100m, the coverage ratio of unknown nodes reached 99.1%, and the relative error decreased to 0.5533. The use of projection reduced the complexity of the algorithm efficiently.

Key words: Wireless Sensor Network (WSN), three-dimensional localization, dimension reduction, grid scan, centroid algorithm

摘要： 针对现有无线传感器网络(WSN)三维定位算法在精度和复杂度方面的不足,提出了一种改进的三维空间定位算法。利用栅格扫描分别求解邻居锚节点在两个坐标平面的投影交域,得出未知节点在两坐标平面的对应位置,最终实现三维位置估计。仿真结果表明：在100m×100m×100m的空间里,随机投放200个传感器节点,锚节点数为45时,其覆盖率达到了99.1%,相对定位误差仅为0.5533。且平面投影的引入,有效地降低了算法复杂度。

关键词: 无线传感器网络, 三维节点定位, 降维, 栅格扫描, 质心算法