Internet of vehicles system based on improved proof of vote consensus protocol

doi:10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2020060987

Journal of Computer Applications ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1): 170-176.DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2020060987

Special Issue: 第八届中国数据挖掘会议(CCDM 2020)

• China Conference on Data Mining 2020 (CCDM 2020) • Previous Articles Next Articles

Internet of vehicles system based on improved proof of vote consensus protocol

CHEN Jinyu, LIU Zhaowei

School of Computer and Control Engineering, Yantai University, Yantai Shandong 264005, China

Received:2020-07-08 Revised:2020-09-20 Online:2021-01-10 Published:2020-10-10
Supported by:
This work is partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (62072391), the Yantai Key Research and Development Program (2020XDRH092), the Yantai University Doctoral Start-up Fund (JS19B77).

基于改进投票证明共识协议的车联网系统

陈锦宇, 刘兆伟

烟台大学计算机与控制工程学院, 山东烟台 264005

通讯作者: 刘兆伟
作者简介:陈锦宇(1997-),男,山东枣庄人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:区块链;刘兆伟(1979-),男,山东海阳人,副教授,博士,主要研究方向:区块链、机器学习。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目（62072391）；烟台市科技计划项目（2020XDRH092）；烟台大学博士启动基金资助项目（JS19B77）。

Abstract

Abstract: Aiming at the problems of information transmission efficiency and user safety and privacy in the Internet of Vehicles (IoV), an IoV system based on improved Proof of Vote (PoV) consensus protocol was proposed. First, according to the actual needs of IoV, the blockchain technology was used to ensure basic information transmission efficiency and user safety. Second, the structure and algorithm were optimized to improve the traditional PoV consensus protocol in order to further improve the transmission efficiency of entire IoV system. Finally, a supervision and punishment mechanism was designed to ensure the reliability of the system in order to protect the safety and privacy of IoV users. The protocol does not rely on third-party intermediaries, so that it is able to protect the privacy of vehicles and owners while ensuring the consensus efficiency, and is closer to the actual needs of IoV. Theoretical analysis and simulation experiments showed that compared with those of the traditional PoV consensus protocol, the transaction confirmation time and block interval time of the improved PoV consensus protocol were both reduced from 0.25 minutes to 0.2 minutes; and in the reliability comparison with the improved consensus protocol without supervision and punishment mechanism, the improved consensus protocol with supervision and punishment mechanism had the accuracy improved by 29.4%. Experimental results prove that the improved consensus protocol has higher consensus efficiency and safety in IoV.

Key words: blockchain, Internet of Vehicles (IoV), Proof of Vote (PoV) consensus protocol, supervision and punishment mechanism, privacy protection

摘要： 针对车联网（IoV）中信息传播效率及用户安全隐私的问题，提出了一种基于改进投票证明（PoV）共识协议的IoV系统。首先，根据IoV的实际需求，选择使用区块链技术来保障IoV基本的信息传播效率及用户安全；其次，为了进一步提高整个IoV系统的传播效率，通过优化结构及算法的方式改进了传统的PoV共识协议；最后，为了保护IoV用户的安全隐私，设计了一种监督惩罚机制来保障系统的可靠性。该协议不依赖第三方中介，因而可以在保障共识效率的同时保护车辆及车主的相关隐私，更加贴近IoV的实际需求。理论分析和仿真实验表明，同传统的PoV共识协议相比，改进PoV共识协议的确认交易时长以及区块间隔时间均从0.25 min降低至0.2 min；而在共识协议的可靠性对比中，具有监督惩罚机制的改进共识协议的准确性比缺乏监督惩罚机制的改进共识协议提高了29.4%。实验结果表明，改进后的共识协议在IoV中具有较高的共识效率及安全性。

关键词: 区块链, 车联网, 投票证明共识协议, 监督惩罚机制, 隐私保护

CLC Number:

TP311.1

CHEN Jinyu, LIU Zhaowei. Internet of vehicles system based on improved proof of vote consensus protocol[J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2021, 41(1): 170-176.

陈锦宇, 刘兆伟. 基于改进投票证明共识协议的车联网系统[J]. 计算机应用, 2021, 41(1): 170-176.

References

[1] LA V H, CAVALLI A R. Security attacks and solutions in vehicular ad hoc networks:a survey[J]. International Journal on Ad Hoc Networking Systems,2014,4(2):1-20.
[2] ZHANG L,LUO M,LI J,et al. Blockchain based secure data sharing system for Internet of vehicles:a position paper[J]. Vehicular Communications,2019,16:85-93.
[3] FENG Q,HE D,ZEADALLY S,et al. A survey on privacy protection in blockchain system[J]. Journal of Network and Computer Applications,2019,126:45-58.
[4] LI K,LI H,HOU H,et al. Proof of vote:a high-performance consensus protocol based on vote mechanism & consortium blockchain[C]//Proceedings of the IEEE 19th International Conference on High Performance Computing and Communications/IEEE 15th International Conference on Smart City/IEEE 3rd International Conference on Data Science and Systems. Piscataway:IEEE,2017:466-473.
[5] 刘小洋, 伍民友. 车联网:物联网在城市交通网络中的应用[J]. 计算机应用,2012,32(4):900-904.(LIU X Y,WU M Y. Vehicular CPS:an application of IoT in vehicular networks[J]. Journal of Computer Applications,2012,32(4):900-904.)
[6] 张宁, 王毅, 康重庆, 等. 能源互联网中的区块链技术:研究框架与典型应用初探[J]. 中国电机工程学报,2016,36(15):4011-4022. (ZHANG N,WANG Y,KANG C Q,et al. Blockchain technique in the energy internet:preliminary research framework and typical applications[J]. Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(15):4011-4022.)
[7] NAKAMOTE S. Bitcoin:a peer-to-peer electronic cash system[EB/OL].[2019-11-05]. https://bitcoin.org/bitcoin.pdf.
[8] GERVAIS A,KARAME G O,WÜST K,et al. On the security and performance of proof of work blockchains[C]//Proceedings of the 2016 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security. New York:ACM,2016:3-16.
[9] DECKER C,WATTENHOFER R. Information propagation in the Bitcoin network[C]//Proceedings of the 13th IEEE International Conference on Peer-to-Peer Computing. Piscataway:IEEE,2013:1-10.
[10] HUANG J,KONG L,CHEN G,et al. Towards secure industrial IoT:blockchain system with credit-based consensus mechanism[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics,2019,15(6):3680-3689.
[11] WAN J,LI J,IMRAN M,et al. A blockchain-based solution for enhancing security and privacy in smart factory[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics,2019,15(6):3652-3660.
[12] LI B,CHENLI C,XU X,et al. Exploiting computation power of blockchain for biomedical image segmentation[C]//Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops. Piscataway:IEEE,2019:2802-2811.
[13] LIU C H,LIN Q,WEN S. Blockchain-enabled data collection and sharing for industrial IoT with deep reinforcement learning[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics,2019,15(6):3516-3526.
[14] 李凤祥, 陈秀真, 马进. 车联网中基于区块链的信用体系研究[J]. 通信技术,2019,52(12):3058-3063.(LI F X,CHEN X Z,MA J. Research on credit system based on blockchain in VANET[J]. Communications Technology,2019,52(12):3058-3063.)
[15] 万子龙, 匡芬. 基于区块链技术的车联网安全体系结构探究[J]. 江西通信科技,2019(1):41-44.(WAN Z L,KUANG F. Research on the security architecture of Internet of Vehicles based on blockchain technology[J]. Jiangxi Communication Science and Technology,2019(1):41-44.)

Internet of vehicles system based on improved proof of vote consensus protocol

基于改进投票证明共识协议的车联网系统

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

References

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

[1]	GE Jihong, SHEN Tao. Energy data access control method based on blockchain [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2021, 41(9): 2615-2622.
[2]	LI Zhuo, SONG Zihui, SHEN Xin, CHEN Xin. Local differential privacy protection mechanism for mobile crowd sensing with edge computing [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2021, 41(9): 2678-2686.
[3]	SHEN Yumin, WANG Jinlong, HU Diankai, LIU Xingyu. Multi-person collaborative creation system of building information modeling drawings based on blockchain [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2021, 41(8): 2338-2345.
[4]	YANG Longhai, WANG Xueyuan, JIANG Hesong. Blockchain digital signature scheme with improved SM2 signature method [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2021, 41(7): 1983-1988.
[5]	CHEN Weiwei, CAO Li, GU Xiang. E-forensics model for internet of vehicles based on blockchain [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2021, 41(7): 1989-1995.
[6]	QING Xinyi, CHEN Yuling, ZHOU Zhengqiang, TU Yuanchao, LI Tao. Blockchain storage expansion model based on Chinese remainder theorem [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2021, 41(7): 1977-1982.
[7]	WANG Jiarui, TAN Guoping, ZHOU Siyuan. Clustered wireless federated learning algorithm in high-speed internet of vehicles scenes [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2021, 41(6): 1546-1550.
[8]	QIN Jing, AN Wen, JI Changqing, WANG Zumin. Review of privacy protection mechanisms in wireless body area network [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2021, 41(4): 970-975.
[9]	LIU Hongyu, LIANG Xiubo, WU Junhan. Kubernetes-based Fabric chaincode management and high availability technology [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2021, 41(4): 956-962.
[10]	TIAN Zhihong, ZHAO Jindong. Overview of blockchain consensus mechanism for internet of things [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2021, 41(4): 917-929.
[11]	ZHANG Xuewang, YIN Zijie, FENG Jiaqi, YE Caijin, FU Kang. Data trading scheme based on blockchain and trusted computing [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2021, 41(4): 939-944.
[12]	ZHANG Guochao, TANG Huayun, CHEN Jianhai, SHEN Rui, HE Qinming, HUANG Butian. Digital music copyright management system based on blockchain [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2021, 41(4): 945-955.
[13]	LI Bei, ZHANG Wenyin, WANG Jiuru, ZHAO Wei, WANG Haifeng. Sealed-bid auction scheme based on blockchain [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2021, 41(4): 999-1004.
[14]	LIU Yu, ZHU Chaoyang, LI Jinze, LAO Yuanji, QIN Tuanfa. d-PBFT:detection consensus algorithm for alliance blockchain [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2021, 41(3): 756-762.
[15]	GAO Haoyu, LI Leixiao, LIN Hao, LI Jie, DENG Dan, LI Shaoxu. Research and application progress of blockchain in area of data integrity protection [J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2021, 41(3): 745-755.