Abstract: Electric metering data is fundamental to power system operation and regulation. Its reliable exchange among individuals, enterprises agencies is vital for effective energy management and market transactions. However, current data-sharing models often lack trustworthiness, efficiency, and robust privacy protection, hindering cross-departmental and cross-domain data exchange within power systems. To address these issues, a blockchain-based method was developed to enhance security, real-time performance, and efficiency of electric metering data sharing. A metering chain architecture was designed, incorporating smart contracts to facilitate data transactions. Additionally, a dynamic evolutionary game-based incentive mechanism was established to promote data sharing and optimize benefit distribution. Experimental results indicate that this method effectively resists data tampering, consensus cycle, and Sybil attacks. The system achieves a throughput of approximately 20,740.37 Transactions Per Second (TPS), with a response time under one millisecond. Compared to Fabric and EEA, the data transaction rate significantly improves, ensuring efficient and secure data sharing.

Key words: electricity metering data, Blockchain, data sharing, metering chain, evolutionary game, data security

摘要： 电力计量数据是电力系统运行和监管的重要依据，在个人、企业等多主体间的可信流通对能源管理和市场交易具有重要价值。然而，数据共享模式存在可信性不足、共享效率低、隐私保护薄弱等问题，难以满足电力系统跨部门、跨专业的数据流通需求。为此，提出了一种基于区块链的电力计量数据可信共享方法，以提升数据共享的安全性、实时性和效率。该方法构建计量链架构，引入智能合约执行数据交易，并结合动态演化博弈建立激励机制，以促进数据共享意愿并优化收益分配。实验结果表明，所提方法能有效抵御数据篡改攻击，吞吐量达到约20740.37 TPS，响应时间小于1ms，数据交易速率相比于超级账本、企业以太坊联盟显著提升，确保了数据的高效可信共享。

关键词: 电力计量数据, 区块链, 数据共享, 计量链, 演化博弈, 数据安全