Election-based supply chain： a supply chain autonomy framework based on blockchain

doi:10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2021091761

Journal of Computer Applications ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (6): 1770-1775.DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2021091761

Special Issue: 第十八届CCF中国信息系统及应用大会

• The 18th CCF Conference on Web Information Systems and Applications • Previous Articles Next Articles

Election-based supply chain： a supply chain autonomy framework based on blockchain

Yuntao XU¹, Junwu ZHU¹(), Binwen SUN¹, Maosheng SUN², Sihai CHEN³

^1.College of Information Engineering，Yangzhou University，Yangzhou Jiangsu 225127，China
^2.Office of Informationization Construction and Administration，Yangzhou University，Yangzhou Jiangsu 225127，China
^3.Information Center，Funing Water Supply Company Limited，Yancheng Jiangsu 224404，China

Received:2021-10-13 Revised:2022-01-11 Accepted:2022-01-13 Online:2022-04-15 Published:2022-06-10
Contact: Junwu ZHU
About author:XU Yuntao， born in 1997， M. S. candidate. His research interests include blockchain， algorithmic game theory.
SUN Binwen， born in 1999. His research interests include blockchain.
SUN Maosheng， born in 1971， Ph. D.， senior engineer. His research interests include artificial intelligence.
CHEN Sihai， born in 1971， engineer. His research interests include Intelligent water affairs system integration， enterprise information applications.
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(61872313);Research Fund of Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Marine Engineering （1907）, Jiangsu Water Conservancy Science and Technology Project(2017071);Key Research Project of Education Informatization in Jiangsu Province(20180012);Science and Technology Project of Emergency Management Department of Jiangsu Province(YJGL-YF-2021-3);Yangzhou Science and Technology Program(YZ2019133)

选举供应链：基于区块链的供应链自治框架

许蕴韬¹, 朱俊武¹(), 孙彬文¹, 孙茂圣², 陈四海³

^1.扬州大学信息工程学院, 江苏扬州 225127
^2.扬州大学信息化建设与管理处, 江苏扬州 225127
^3.阜宁县自来水有限公司信息中心, 江苏盐城 224404

通讯作者: 朱俊武
作者简介:许蕴韬（1997—），男，江苏兴化人，硕士研究生，CCF会员，主要研究方向：区块链、算法博弈论
孙彬文（1999—），男，江苏扬州人，主要研究方向：区块链
孙茂圣（1971—），男，江苏海安人，高级工程师，博士，主要研究方向：人工智能
陈四海（1971—），男，江苏阜宁人，工程师，主要研究方向：智慧水务系统集成、企业信息化应用。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(61872313);海洋工程国家重点实验室开放课题研究基金资助项目(1907);江苏省水利科技项目(2017071);江苏省教育信息化研究重点课题(20180012);江苏省应急管理厅科技项目(YJGL-YF-2021-3);扬州市科技计划项目(YZ2019133)

Abstract

Abstract:

The combination of blockchain and supply chain is a popular research topic in recent years. The advantages of blockchain such as data traceability， tamper proof and distributed storage can guarantee good data security for supply chain， while the autonomy property of blockchain also provides possibility of supply chain autonomy. The autonomy of blockchain mainly depends on consensus mechanism， but the existing consensus mechanism is difficult to realize good support for supply chain autonomy. To solve the above problems， an election-based consensus mechanism based on Delegated Proof of Stake （DPoS） was proposed， and on this basis， a self-made framework of supply chain based on blockchain was constructed， namely Election-based Supply Chain （ESC）. In ESC， the credit score of a node was first calculated according to the smart contract activities participated in by this node. Then， from the perspective of game theory， the influences of node active degree and credit score on stake under ESC were analyzed. Finally， theorem proving and simulation experiments verify that the proposed mechanism has a good incentive effect on nodes and can effectively inhibit the maximum transaction cost paid by rational nodes，and the inhibition increasing with the increase of the number of delegates.

Key words: supply chain, blockchain, smart contract, election, consensus algorithm, game theory

摘要：

区块链与供应链的结合应用是近几年的热门研究课题。区块链的数据可溯源、防篡改、分布式存储等优点可以为供应链提供较好的数据安全保障，而区块链自身的自治属性也为供应链自治提供了可能。区块链的自治主要依赖于共识机制，然而现有共识机制难以实现对供应链自治的良好支持。针对上述问题，提出一种基于委托权益证明（DPoS）的选举型共识机制，并在此基础上构建了一个基于区块链的供应链自制框架：选举供应链（ESC）。在ESC中，先根据节点参与的智能合约活动计算其信用分，然后从博弈论的角度分析ESC下节点的活跃度和信用分数对其权益的影响。最后，通过定理证明与仿真实验验证了该机制对节点具有良好的激励作用，能有效抑制理性节点支付的最大交易费用，且抑制的力度会随着代表数量的增加而增大。

关键词: 供应链, 区块链, 智能合约, 选举, 共识算法, 博弈论

CLC Number:

TP311

Yuntao XU, Junwu ZHU, Binwen SUN, Maosheng SUN, Sihai CHEN. Election-based supply chain： a supply chain autonomy framework based on blockchain[J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2022, 42(6): 1770-1775.

许蕴韬, 朱俊武, 孙彬文, 孙茂圣, 陈四海. 选举供应链：基于区块链的供应链自治框架[J]. 《计算机应用》唯一官方网站, 2022, 42(6): 1770-1775.

Figures/Tables 7

Fig.1 Simple framework of ESC

Fig.2 Data storage in ESC

Fig.3 Types and rights of nodes in ESC

Table 1 Description of key parameters in ESC

符号	解释
$P$	$P = {p 1, p 2, …, p x}, D ⊆ M ⊆ P$
$M$	$M = {m 1, m 2, …, m y}, D ⊆ M ⊆ P$
$D$	$D = {d 1, d 2, …, d z}, D ⊆ M ⊆ P$
$h$	选举中的候选人
$ν i$	节点 $i$ 的权益
$Ω i$	节点 $i$ 的信用分
$C i$	节点 $i$ 创建的智能合约
$Q C$	智能合约 $C$ 的质量
$H i$	节点 $i$ 的活跃度
$k$	区块期数
$γ i$	节点 $i$ 的算力贡献
$T i$	节点 $i$ 的交易量
$b i d$	节点 $i$ 付给节点 $d$ 的交易费

Table 1 Description of key parameters in ESC

符号	解释
$P$	$P = {p 1, p 2, …, p x}, D ⊆ M ⊆ P$
$M$	$M = {m 1, m 2, …, m y}, D ⊆ M ⊆ P$
$D$	$D = {d 1, d 2, …, d z}, D ⊆ M ⊆ P$
$h$	选举中的候选人
$ν i$	节点 $i$ 的权益
$Ω i$	节点 $i$ 的信用分
$C i$	节点 $i$ 创建的智能合约
$Q C$	智能合约 $C$ 的质量
$H i$	节点 $i$ 的活跃度
$k$	区块期数
$γ i$	节点 $i$ 的算力贡献
$T i$	节点 $i$ 的交易量
$b i d$	节点 $i$ 付给节点 $d$ 的交易费

Fig.4 On-chain update process of smart contract in ESC

Fig. 5 Function g(z)

Fig. 6 Influence of β on total cost

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Election-based supply chain： a supply chain autonomy framework based on blockchain

选举供应链：基于区块链的供应链自治框架

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