Vehicular digital evidence preservation and access control based on consortium blockchain

doi:10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2024030263

Journal of Computer Applications ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 1902-1910.DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2024030263

• Cyber security • Previous Articles

Vehicular digital evidence preservation and access control based on consortium blockchain

Xin SHAO¹, Zigang CHEN²^,³(), Xingchun YANG⁴, Haihua ZHU², Wenjun LUO², Long CHEN², Yousheng ZHOU²

^1.School of Computer Science and Technology，Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications，Chongqing 400065，China
^2.Chongqing Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Security Monitoring and Governance（Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications），Chongqing 400065，China
^3.Key Laboratory of Cyberspace Big Data Intelligent Security，Ministry of Education （Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications），Chongqing 400065，China
^4.Intelligent Policing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province （Sichuan Police College），Luzhou Sichuan 646000，China

Received:2024-03-15 Revised:2024-05-14 Accepted:2024-05-27 Online:2025-03-12 Published:2025-06-10
Contact: Zigang CHEN
About author:SHAO Xin， born in 1998， M. S. candidate. His research interests include vehicle security， blockchain.
YANG Xingchun， born in 1975， Ph. D.， professor. His research interests include information security， data mining.
ZHU Haihua， born in 1978， Ph. D.， associate professor. Her research interests include vehicle security， quantum image.
LUO Wenjun， born in 1966， Ph. D.， professor. His research interests include cyber security， cryptography.
CHEN Long， born in 1970， Ph. D.， professor. His research interests include computer forensics， network security.
ZHOU Yousheng， born in 1979， Ph. D.， professor. His research interests include blockchain， network security.
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(62272076);Opening Project of Intelligent Policing Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province(ZNJW2023KFMS009)

基于联盟链的车载电子证据保全及其访问控制

邵鑫¹, 陈自刚²^,³(), 杨兴春⁴, 朱海华², 罗文俊², 陈龙², 周由胜²

^1.重庆邮电大学计算机科学与技术学院，重庆 400065
^2.网络空间安全监测与治理重庆市重点实验室（重庆邮电大学），重庆 400065
^3.网络空间大数据智能安全教育部重点实验室（重庆邮电大学），重庆 400065
^4.智能警务四川省重点实验室（四川警察学院），四川泸州 646000

通讯作者: 陈自刚
作者简介:邵鑫（1998—），男，四川成都人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向：汽车安全、区块链；
杨兴春（1975—），男，四川泸州人，教授，博士，CCF会员，主要研究方向：信息安全、数据挖掘
朱海华（1978—），女，河南南阳人，副教授，博士，主要研究方向：汽车安全、量子图像
罗文俊（1966—），男，重庆人，教授，博士，主要研究方向：网络空间安全、密码学
陈龙（1970—），男，重庆人，教授，博士，主要研究方向：计算机取证、网络安全
周由胜（1979—），男，湖北恩施人，教授，博士，主要研究方向：区块链、网络安全。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(62272076);智能警务四川省重点实验室开放课题资助项目(ZNJW2023KFMS009)

Abstract

Abstract:

In today’s society， the issue of frequent vehicle traffic accidents is still a serious practical problem. In order to ensure the trusted preservation and legal use of vehicle digital evidence， it is necessary to adopt advanced security technologies and strict access control mechanisms. Aiming at the preservation and sharing requirements of digital evidence on vehicle devices， an evidence preservation and access control scheme based on consortium blockchain was proposed. Firstly， based on consortium blockchain technology and InterPlanetary File System （IPFS）， on-chain and off-chain storage of the digital evidence was realized， while confidentiality of the evidence was guaranteed by symmetric key and integrity of the evidence was verified by hash value. Secondly， in the process of uploading， managing and downloading the digital evidence， an access control mechanism combining attributes and roles was introduced to realize fine-grained and dynamic access control management， thereby ensuring legal access and sharing of the evidence. Finally， comparison and performance analysis of the schemes were conducted. Experimental results show that the proposed scheme has confidentiality， integrity and non-repudiation with stability in the case of large number of concurrent requests.

Key words: digital evidence, evidence preservation, consortium blockchain, InterPlanetary File System (IPFS), access control

摘要：

在当今社会中，频发的汽车交通事故依然是一个严峻的现实问题。为了确保车载电子证据的可信保全和合法使用，必须采取先进的安全技术手段和严格的访问控制机制。针对车载设备电子证据的保全与共享需求，提出一种基于联盟链的证据保全及访问控制方案。首先，基于联盟链技术和星际文件系统（IPFS）实现电子证据的链上链下存储，并通过对称密钥保证证据的机密性和哈希值验证证据的完整性；其次，在电子证据的上传、管理和下载过程中，引入融合属性和角色的访问控制机制，实现细粒度和动态的访问控制管理，从而确保证据的合法访问与共享；最后，对比方案与分析性能。实验结果表明，所提方案具备机密性、完整性和不可否认性，并且在高并发请求数的情况下具有稳定性。

关键词: 电子证据, 证据保全, 联盟链, 星际文件系统, 访问控制

CLC Number:

TP399

Xin SHAO, Zigang CHEN, Xingchun YANG, Haihua ZHU, Wenjun LUO, Long CHEN, Yousheng ZHOU. Vehicular digital evidence preservation and access control based on consortium blockchain[J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2025, 45(6): 1902-1910.

邵鑫, 陈自刚, 杨兴春, 朱海华, 罗文俊, 陈龙, 周由胜. 基于联盟链的车载电子证据保全及其访问控制[J]. 《计算机应用》唯一官方网站, 2025, 45(6): 1902-1910.

Figures/Tables 11

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操作	所需参数	含义
SaveEvi	AS	用户实体的属性
	EviID	证据的唯一编号
	KeyInfor	证据的关键信息
ReqEvi	ASAO	用户实体的属性和证据的属性
ReqEvi	EviID	证据的唯一编号
CVisitor	AS	用户实体的属性
	UserID	临时用户的唯一标识号码
	Group	用户所在组
	EviID	证据的唯一编号

操作	所需参数	含义
SaveEvi	AS	用户实体的属性
	EviID	证据的唯一编号
	KeyInfor	证据的关键信息
ReqEvi	ASAO	用户实体的属性和证据的属性
ReqEvi	EviID	证据的唯一编号
CVisitor	AS	用户实体的属性
	UserID	临时用户的唯一标识号码
	Group	用户所在组
	EviID	证据的唯一编号

方案	存储方式	访问控制	机密性	完整性
Fabric-IoT^［28］	区块链	ABAC	无	无
MediChain^［29］	区块链	ABAC+RBAC	无	无
AccessChain^［30］	区块链	ABAC	有	无
MedRSS^［31］	区块链+IPFS	ABAC	有	有
本文方案	区块链+IPFS	ABAC+RABC	有	有

方案	存储方式	访问控制	机密性	完整性
Fabric-IoT^［28］	区块链	ABAC	无	无
MediChain^［29］	区块链	ABAC+RBAC	无	无
AccessChain^［30］	区块链	ABAC	有	无
MedRSS^［31］	区块链+IPFS	ABAC	有	有
本文方案	区块链+IPFS	ABAC+RABC	有	有

方案	PC_AddPolicy	PC_QueryPolicy	EC_AddEvi（Write）	EC_ReqEvi（Read）	AC_SaveEvi	AC_ReqEvi
Fabric-iot	0.111	0.103	0.114	0.101	—	0.108
MediChain	0.112	0.104	0.115	0.105	0.119	0.115
AccessChain	—	—	0.425	0.385	—	—
本文方案	0.115	0.105	0.113	0.105	0.121	0.115

Vehicular digital evidence preservation and access control based on consortium blockchain

基于联盟链的车载电子证据保全及其访问控制

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Figures/Tables 11

References 31

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