Layered solving method for virtual maintenance posture in narrow aircraft space

doi:10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2024071068

Journal of Computer Applications ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (8): 2694-2703.DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2024071068

• Multimedia computing and computer simulation • Previous Articles

Layered solving method for virtual maintenance posture in narrow aircraft space

Zhexu LIU¹, Aobing ZHANG¹, Zhiyong FAN²()

^1.College of Information Engineering and Automation，Civil Aviation University of China，Tianjin 300300，China
^2.Engineering and Technology Training Center，Civil Aviation University of China，Tianjin 300300，China

Received:2024-07-31 Revised:2024-10-08 Accepted:2024-10-09 Online:2024-11-19 Published:2025-08-10
Contact: Zhiyong FAN
About author:LIU Zhexu， born in 1987， Ph. D.， associate professor. His research interests include simulation verification and maintainability analysis and evaluation of aircraft complex system.
ZHANG Aobing， born in 1999， M. S. candidate. Her research interests include virtual maintenance simulation verification analysis for civil aviation.
Supported by:
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFB4302901)

飞机狭小空间虚拟维修姿态分层求解方法

刘哲旭¹, 张澳冰¹, 樊智勇²()

^1.中国民航大学电子信息与自动化学院，天津 300300
^2.中国民航大学工程技术训练中心，天津 300300

通讯作者: 樊智勇
作者简介:刘哲旭（1987—），男，辽宁葫芦岛人，副教授，博士，主要研究方向：飞机复杂系统仿真验证及维修性分析评估
张澳冰（1999—），女，河北石家庄人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向：民航虚拟维修仿真验证分析
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFB4302901)

Abstract

Abstract:

Virtual simulation of maintainability is an important tool for aircraft structure and systems design， in which the rapid generation of appropriate virtual human maintenance posture is crucial to the efficiency and feasibility of maintainability analysis. Aiming at the problems of low efficiency and limited applicability of the current virtual human maintenance posture solving methods， a virtual maintenance posture layered solving method for the narrow space of aircraft was proposed. In the method， with the waist as the demarcation point， the maintenance posture was decomposed into two parts： upper body and lower body， and Elitist Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm Ⅱ （NSGA-Ⅱ） was used to optimize and solve them respectively to obtain the overall maintenance posture. Firstly， the maintenance posture optimization criterion was constructed by considering the space limitations and human body structure constraints comprehensively. Secondly， multi-objective optimization models of upper body and lower body postures were constructed on the basis of the maintenance posture optimization criterion through analyzing geometry and inverse kinematics principles， and NSGA-Ⅱ was applied to solve them sequentially. Through analysis of cases of disassembly of aircraft cockpit Air Data Module （ADM） and cargo promotion in cargo hold， it is verified that the proposed method can generate virtual maintenance posture in narrow space of aircraft effectively， and has good applicability and feasibility.

Key words: virtual simulation of maintainability, virtual maintenance posture, narrow aircraft space, posture optimization criterion, multi-objective optimization

摘要：

维修性虚拟仿真是飞机结构及系统设计的重要工具，其中快速生成合适的虚拟人维修姿态对维修性分析的效率和可行性至关重要。针对目前虚拟人维修姿态求解方法效率较低且适用性有限的问题，提出一种飞机狭小空间虚拟维修姿态分层求解方法。该方法以腰部为分界点，将维修姿态分解为上身和下身两部分，利用带精英策略的非支配排序遗传算法（NSGA-Ⅱ）分别对它们优化求解获取整体维修姿态。首先，综合考虑空间限制和人体结构约束后，构建维修姿态优化准则；其次，依据维修姿态优化准则，通过解析几何和逆向运动学原理，构建上身和下身姿态的多目标优化模型，并运用NSGA-Ⅱ对它们依次求解。通过对飞机驾驶舱大气数据模块（ADM）拆卸和货舱内货物推行案例的分析，验证了所提方法能在飞机狭小空间里高效生成虚拟维修姿态，且具有良好的适用性和可行性。

关键词: 维修性虚拟仿真, 虚拟维修姿态, 飞机狭小空间, 姿态优化准则, 多目标优化

CLC Number:

TP391.9

Zhexu LIU, Aobing ZHANG, Zhiyong FAN. Layered solving method for virtual maintenance posture in narrow aircraft space[J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2025, 45(8): 2694-2703.

刘哲旭, 张澳冰, 樊智勇. 飞机狭小空间虚拟维修姿态分层求解方法[J]. 《计算机应用》唯一官方网站, 2025, 45(8): 2694-2703.

Figures/Tables 18

References 27

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体段名	百分位数	测量尺寸/mm	质量/kg	质心测量起点	质心位置/mm
头颈	P5	210.0	4.48	头顶点	108.5
头颈	P50	231.0	5.16	头顶点	117.8
躯干	P5	512.0	22.91	颈椎点	266.3
躯干	P50	530.0	27.00	颈椎点	293.4
上臂	P5	289.0	1.26	桡骨点	138.1
上臂	P50	316.0	1.46	桡骨点	163.3
前臂	P5	209.0	0.65	桡骨茎突点	120.4
前臂	P50	239.0	0.75	桡骨茎突点	136.6
手	P5	171.0	0.33	中指指尖点	108.4
手	P50	184.0	0.38	中指指尖点	114.2
大腿	P5	424.0	7.73	胫骨点	231.9
大腿	P50	470.0	8.50	胫骨点	254.5
小腿	P5	336.0	1.91	内踝点	204.0
小腿	P50	374.0	2.20	内踝点	224.1
足	P5	233.0	0.77	足底	36.2
足	P50	249.0	0.89	足底	38.2

体段名	百分位数	测量尺寸/mm	质量/kg	质心测量起点	质心位置/mm
头颈	P5	210.0	4.48	头顶点	108.5
头颈	P50	231.0	5.16	头顶点	117.8
躯干	P5	512.0	22.91	颈椎点	266.3
躯干	P50	530.0	27.00	颈椎点	293.4
上臂	P5	289.0	1.26	桡骨点	138.1
上臂	P50	316.0	1.46	桡骨点	163.3
前臂	P5	209.0	0.65	桡骨茎突点	120.4
前臂	P50	239.0	0.75	桡骨茎突点	136.6
手	P5	171.0	0.33	中指指尖点	108.4
手	P50	184.0	0.38	中指指尖点	114.2
大腿	P5	424.0	7.73	胫骨点	231.9
大腿	P50	470.0	8.50	胫骨点	254.5
小腿	P5	336.0	1.91	内踝点	204.0
小腿	P50	374.0	2.20	内踝点	224.1
足	P5	233.0	0.77	足底	36.2
足	P50	249.0	0.89	足底	38.2

自由度角度	最大活动范围	最适活动范围
θ₁^sh	-20.0~97.0	0~30.0
θ₂^sh	-18.0~80.0	0~25.0
θ₃^sh	-60.0~170.0	-25.0~55.0
θ₁^el	0~150.0	0~40.0，125.0~150.0
θ₁^wr	-117.0~77.0	60.0~77.0
θ₂^wr	-45.0~45.0	-30.0~45.0
θ₃^wr	-85.0~100.0	-50.0~75.0
θ₁^ne	-40.0~45.0	-10.0~20.0
θ₁^wa	-30.0~90.0	-10.0~45.0
θ₁^hi	-20.0~45.0	-10.0~35.0
θ₂^hi	0~120.0	0~80.0
θ₁^kn	-145.0~10.0	-130.0~0
θ₁^an	-45.0~20.0	-10.0~10.0

自由度角度	最大活动范围	最适活动范围
θ₁^sh	-20.0~97.0	0~30.0
θ₂^sh	-18.0~80.0	0~25.0
θ₃^sh	-60.0~170.0	-25.0~55.0
θ₁^el	0~150.0	0~40.0，125.0~150.0
θ₁^wr	-117.0~77.0	60.0~77.0
θ₂^wr	-45.0~45.0	-30.0~45.0
θ₃^wr	-85.0~100.0	-50.0~75.0
θ₁^ne	-40.0~45.0	-10.0~20.0
θ₁^wa	-30.0~90.0	-10.0~45.0
θ₁^hi	-20.0~45.0	-10.0~35.0
θ₂^hi	0~120.0	0~80.0
θ₁^kn	-145.0~10.0	-130.0~0
θ₁^an	-45.0~20.0	-10.0~10.0

方法	初始水平距离/mm	可达性	可视性	舒适度风险评分					评估结果
方法	初始水平距离/mm	可达性	可视性	手臂	颈椎	腰椎	下肢	全身	评估结果
文献［6］方法	500	满足	满足	4	2	3	1	4	比较舒适
文献［6］方法	800	满足	满足	5	4	4	2	6	不舒服，亟需改进
本文方法	—	满足	满足	4	1	3	1	3	比较舒适

Layered solving method for virtual maintenance posture in narrow aircraft space

飞机狭小空间虚拟维修姿态分层求解方法

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