计算机应用 ›› 2017, Vol. 37 ›› Issue (5): 1496-1502.DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2017.05.1496

• 应用前沿、交叉与综合 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于突发事件影响力传播的双向人流疏散仿真

梁铭富, 房少梅, 黄中展, 蔡钦镒   

  1. 华南农业大学 数学与信息学院, 广州 510642
  • 收稿日期:2016-10-14 修回日期:2016-12-20 出版日期:2017-05-10 发布日期:2017-05-16
  • 通讯作者: 房少梅
  • 作者简介:梁铭富(1994-),男,广东新会人,主要研究方向:运筹学、数学建模;房少梅(1964-),女,安徽淮北人,教授,博士,主要研究方向:偏微分方程、数学建模;黄中展(1997-),男,广东龙川人,主要研究方向:计算数学、数学建模;蔡钦镒(1995-),男,广东汕尾人,主要研究方向:计算数学、数学建模。
  • 基金资助:
    2015年国家级大学生创新训练计划项目(201510564279)。

Bi-direction pedestrian flow by the spread of the influence of emergencies

LIANG Mingfu, FANG Shaomei, HUANG Zhongzhan, CAI Qinyi   

  1. College of Mathematics and Information, South China Agriculture University, Guangzhou Guangdong 510642, China
  • Received:2016-10-14 Revised:2016-12-20 Online:2017-05-10 Published:2017-05-16
  • Supported by:
    This work is partially supported by the National Undergraduate Training Program for Innovation and Entrepreneurship (201510564279).

摘要: 当突发事件发生时,行人行走行为会因为突发事件本身以及突发事件在人群中的传播而改变。对于突发事件影响下的行人行走特征的研究能够提高人流疏散的效率。针对现有研究中数据获取方式的不足,对真实行人场景视频进行图像处理,提取相关数据后分析了无突发事件时行人一般行走特性。针对突发事件下的行人流,利用k-邻近算法和合力的思想描述了突发事件的影响传播和突发事件下行人流的自组织现象,并由此提出一种新的元胞自动机模型,该模型中的行人元胞会受到正常行走、突发事件、安全标识这三个因素所抽象产生的三个作用力的影响。利用模型对突发情况下的双向人流疏散进行仿真,实验结果表明,当安全标识的距离为0、10、20个元胞时,在小范围行人通道中安全标识分布的距离对人群疏散作用不明显;通过对人群间是否存在影响力的研究发现,疏散的效果主要受到附近行人对突发事件传播的影响;突发事件的影响程度太大或影响范围过小都会引发拥堵,不利于人群的疏散。仿真结果与真实世界中的双向行人流疏散情况基本吻合。

关键词: 行人流, 元胞自动机, 影响力传播, 突发事件, 安全标识

Abstract: When the emergencies happen, the pedestrian walking behavior would change by the emergencies and their influence. The research on the pedestrian walking characteristics in emergencies could optimize the evacuation efficiency. Aiming at the shortcomings of the data acquisition in the existing research, the real pedestrian scene video was processed and the relevant data were extracted, and the general walking characteristics of the pedestrian without emergencies were analyzed. Aiming at the pedestrian flow in emergencies, the spread of the emergency influence and the pedestrian self-organization phenomena in emergencies were described by k-nearest neighbor algorithm and the resultant force, a novel Cellular Automata (CA) model whose cellulars were suffered from the influence of normal walking, emergencies and security marks was proposed. The simulation of bi-direction pedestrian evacuation in emergencies was carried out by the proposed model. The experimental results show that, when the separation distance of security marks in a narrow pedestrian passage mark is 0, 10, 20 cellular, the distance of the safety mark distribution has not obvious effect on pedestrian evacuation. Through the study of whether there is influence among the population, the effect of evacuation is mainly affected by the spread of emergencies by nearby pedestrians. That the impact of emergencies is too large or too small will cause congestion and is not conducive to the evacuation of the crowd. The simulation results are consistent with the scenario of pedestrian evacuation in reality.

Key words: pedestrian flow, Cellular Automata (CA), influence spread, emergency, safety laber

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