关键词: 低功耗有损网络, 路由协议, 能量均衡, 网络生存时间, 电量估算

Abstract: RPL, the IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low-Power and Lossy Networks, only uses a single routing metric to construct network topology. Thus, the power of some nodes are higher than other siblings and the network lifetime becomes shorter. And for keeping low power, RPL nodes transmit control message using the Trickle timer, which leads to updating status of parent nodes slowly during steady state. Energy Balancing RPL（EB-RPL）was proposed to solve these problems carrying out two kinds of optimization schemes. Firstly, a new routing metric combing the expected transmission count and node residual energy was presented to improve link reliability and prolong the network lifetime. Secondly, the battery estimation strategy based on energy consumption rate was designed to calculate parent nodes’ power consumption without increasing the additional overhead of control messages. The experimental results prove that, compared with RPL, the proposed EB-RPL significantly reduces the standard deviation of power between siblings and achieves the energy balance, and that the lifetime of network is respectively prolonged by more than 29.4% and 39.4% in case of different interpacket interval and network size.

Key words: Low power and Lossy Network (LLN), Routing Protocol, Energy Balance, Network Lifetime, Battery Estimation