《计算机应用》唯一官方网站 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 715-722.DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2025030382

• 人工智能 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于AHP_TOPSIS的子句动态选择方法

刘媛媛1,2, 陈树伟1,2(), 宋德培1, 杨源骏1   

  1. 1.西南交通大学 数学学院,成都 611756
    2.系统可信性自动验证国家地方联合工程实验室(西南交通大学),成都 611756
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-14 修回日期:2025-07-01 接受日期:2025-07-03 发布日期:2026-03-16 出版日期:2026-03-10
  • 通讯作者: 陈树伟
  • 作者简介:刘媛媛(2001—),女,四川巴中人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:自动推理
    宋德培(2002—),男,四川成都人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:自动推理
    杨源骏(2002—),男,四川眉山人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:自动推理。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(12301595)

Dynamic clause selection method based on AHP_TOPSIS

Yuanyuan LIU1,2, Shuwei CHEN1,2(), Depei SONG1, Yuanjun YANG1   

  1. 1.School of Mathematics,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu Sichuan 611756,China
    2.National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of System Credibility Automatic Verification (Southwest Jiaotong University),Chengdu Sichuan 611756,China
  • Received:2025-04-14 Revised:2025-07-01 Accepted:2025-07-03 Online:2026-03-16 Published:2026-03-10
  • Contact: Shuwei CHEN
  • About author:LIU Yuanyuan, born in 2001, M. S. candidate. Her research interests include automated reasoning.
    SONG Depei, born in 2002, M. S. candidate. His research interests include automated reasoning.
    YANG Yuanjun, born in 2002, M. S. candidate. His research interests include automated reasoning.
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(12301595)

摘要:

子句选择是自动定理证明器(ATP)的核心部分,通过优化子句选择方法能够提升ATP的能力和效率。当前,传统基于属性优先级的逐一筛选方法虽然能够实现子句选择,但难以对子句进行全面评估,并且缺乏灵活性。因此,提出基于AHP_TOPSIS的子句动态选择方法。该方法通过层次分析法(AHP)计算子句各个属性的权重,再利用权重结果结合逼近理想解排序法(TOPSIS)对子句进行评估排序,从而为子句选择提供依据。在AHP中,考虑到子句属性的动态变化,引入阶段感知与平滑过渡的方法,使得判断矩阵能够根据推导进程动态调整,将AHP拓展为动态AHP。同时,根据上述子句选择方法实现相应的算法,并将算法应用于一阶逻辑定理证明器CSE(Contradiction Separation Extension)中形成新的证明器CSE_AT。利用该证明器对2021—2024年的TPTP(Thousands of Problems for Theorem Provers)问题库中的一阶逻辑问题进行测试,实验结果表明,CSE_AT比CSE多证明了22个定理,且CSE_AT证明的大部分定理的Rating值集中在[0.6,0.9]。可见,基于AHP_TOPSIS的子句动态选择方法能够优化演绎路径,从而提升证明器的证明能力。

关键词: 一阶逻辑, 自动定理证明器, 子句动态选择, 层次分析法, 逼近理想解排序法

Abstract:

Clause selection is the core part of Automated Theorem Prover (ATP), the ability and efficiency of ATP can be improved by optimizing the clause selection method. At present, although the traditional one-by-one filtering method based on attribute priority can realize clause selection, it is difficult to evaluate clause comprehensively and lacks flexibility. Therefore, a dynamic clause selection method based on AHP_TOPSIS was proposed. In the method, the weight of each attribute of the clause was calculated by Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), and then the clauses were evaluated and ranked by combining the weight results with Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS), thereby providing a basis for clause selection. In the AHP, considering the dynamic change of clause attributes, the methods of stage awareness and smooth transition were introduced. This enables the judgment matrix to be adjusted dynamically according to the derivation process, thus extending the AHP to the dynamic AHP. Meanwhile, according to the above clause selection method, the corresponding algorithm was implemented and applied to the first-order logic theorem prover CSE (Contradiction Separation Extension) to form a new prover CSE_AT. This prover was used to test the first-order logic problems in the TPTP (Thousands of Problems for Theorem Provers) problem bank from 2021 to 2024. Experimental results show that CSE_AT proves 22 more theorems than CSE, and most of the theorems proved by CSE_AT have Rating value in the range of [0.6,0.9]. It can be seen that the AHP_TOPSIS-based dynamic clause selection method can optimize the deductive paths, so as to improve the proof ability of the prover.

Key words: first-order logic, Automated Theorem Prover (ATP), dynamic clause selection, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP), Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution (TOPSIS)

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