Data naming mechanism of low earth orbit satellite mega-constellation for internet of things

doi:10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2021050744

Abstract

Abstract:

The Low Earth Orbit （LEO） satellite mega-constellation based on Information Centric Networking （ICN） is a suitable network architecture to support Internet of Things （IoT）， and the data naming is one of the basic problems in ICN. Concerning the requirements of transmission with low latency and data distribution with high throughput of IoT， a data naming mechanism of LEO satellite mega-constellation for IoT based on ICN was proposed. Firstly， a flat integrated structure fusing hierarchy， multi-component and Hash was adopted by the proposed data naming mechanism. Then， the prefix tags were used to describe hierarchical names to meet the need for fast multi-source retrieval of inner-network functions. Finally， a simulation platform of LEO satellite mega-constellation for IoT was designed and developed based on Network Simulator 3 （NS-3） to test the performance of the proposed data naming mechanism. The test and simulation results show that， compared with the traditional Internet Protocol （IP）-based system structure， the proposed data naming mechanism can provide higher Quality of Service （QoS） such as high throughput and low latency to LEO satellite mega-constellation for IoT.

Key words: Low Earth Orbit (LEO), satellite mega-constellation, Information Centric Networking (ICN), data naming mechanism, Internet of Things (IoT)

摘要：

基于信息中心网络（ICN）的近地轨道（LEO）超大规模卫星星座是一种支持物联网（IoT）非常理想的网络架构，而数据命名是ICN基本问题之一。针对IoT低时延传输、高吞吐量的数据分发的需要，提出了一种基于ICN的面向IoT的LEO超大规模卫星星座数据命名机制。首先，该数据命名机制采用一种融合分层、多分量、哈希的扁平一体结构。然后，采用前缀标记描述分层名称，满足网内功能中多源快速检索的需要。最后，为检验所提数据命名机制的性能，设计开发了一个基于网络仿真器3（NS-3）的面向IoT的LEO超大规模卫星星座仿真平台。测试仿真结果表明，与传统的基于互联网协议（IP）的体系结构相比，所提出的数据命名机制能够为面向IoT的LEO超大规模卫星星座提供高吞吐量和低延时等更高的服务质量（QoS）。

关键词: 近地轨道, 超大规模卫星星座, 信息中心网络, 数据命名机制, 物联网

CLC Number:

TP393

Hongqiu LUO, Shengbo HU. Data naming mechanism of low earth orbit satellite mega-constellation for internet of things[J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2022, 42(7): 2146-2154.

罗鸿秋, 胡圣波. 面向物联网的近地轨道超大规模卫星星座数据命名机制[J]. 《计算机应用》唯一官方网站, 2022, 42(7): 2146-2154.

Figures/Tables 14

Tab. 1 Technical parameters of different constellations

星座	轨道高度/km	卫星颗数	对地覆盖范围
Iridium	780	66	全球范围
SpaceX	1 200	4 425	全球范围
Amazon	590~630	3 236	全球范围
OneWeb	1 200	720	全球范围
鸿云	1 000	156	全球范围
鸿雁	~2 000	300	全球范围

Fig. 1 Iridium constellation structure and its coverage of the Earth

Fig. 2 Orbital elements

Fig. 3 Geometric relationship among M，ν and E

Tab. 2 Satellite orbital elements of Iridium constellation

含义	变量	值	注解
半长轴	$α$ /km	7 159.14	地球半径+轨道高度
偏心率	$e$	0	圆形轨道
升交点赤经	$Ω$ /（°）	0，31.80，63.60，95.41，127.21，159.01	6轨道面
倾角	$i$ /（°）	86	—
近地点幅角	$ω$	0	圆形轨道
真近点角	$ν$ /（°）	0，32.73，65.45，98.18，130.91，163.64，196.36，229.09，261.82，294.55，327.29	11颗卫星均匀分布在奇轨道面
真近点角	$ν$ /（°）	16.36，49.09，81.82，114.55，147.27，180，212.73，245.45，278.18，310.91，343.64	11颗卫星均匀分布在偶轨道面

Tab. 2 Satellite orbital elements of Iridium constellation

含义	变量	值	注解
半长轴	$α$ /km	7 159.14	地球半径+轨道高度
偏心率	$e$	0	圆形轨道
升交点赤经	$Ω$ /（°）	0，31.80，63.60，95.41，127.21，159.01	6轨道面
倾角	$i$ /（°）	86	—
近地点幅角	$ω$	0	圆形轨道
真近点角	$ν$ /（°）	0，32.73，65.45，98.18，130.91，163.64，196.36，229.09，261.82，294.55，327.29	11颗卫星均匀分布在奇轨道面
真近点角	$ν$ /（°）	16.36，49.09，81.82，114.55，147.27，180，212.73，245.45，278.18，310.91，343.64	11颗卫星均匀分布在偶轨道面

Fig. 4 ISL between adjacent satellites insame orbital plane

Tab. 3 Summary of published information

数据内容名称	分块序号	源节点信息
/Data/Prefix1/Vedio/20210322/	2	B
/Data/Prefix1/Vedio/20210322/	1	C
/Data/Prefix1/Data/20210420/	3	C
	5	B
	2	D
/Data/Prefix1/Voice/20210421/	3	A
…	…	…

Fig. 5 ISL with shortest communication distance between adjacent orbital planes

Fig. 6 ISL with longest communication distancebetween adjacent orbital planes

Fig. 7 Multi-layer multi-component name design of ICN-HMcH

Fig. 8 Architecture of LEO satellite mega-constellation simulation platform

Fig. 9 Communication process between two ground stations

Fig. 10 Throughput variation of packets with two structures

Fig. 11 Delay variation of packets with two structures

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