Abstract:

Aiming at how to use the food safety standard reference network to find the key standards that have a great impact on food safety inspection and detection from many national food safety standards， a method of finding the important nodes in the food safety standard reference network based on multi-attribute comprehensive evaluation was proposed. Firstly， the importance of standard nodes were evaluated by using the degree centrality， closeness centrality and betweenness centrality in social network analysis as well as the Web page importance evaluation algorithm PageRank respectively. Secondly， the Analytic Hierarchy Process （AHP） was used to calculate the weight of each evaluation index in the importance evaluation， and multi-attribute decision-making method based on TOPSIS （Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to an Ideal Solution） was used to comprehensively evaluate the importance of standard nodes and found out the important nodes. Thirdly， the important nodes obtained from the comprehensive evaluation and the important nodes obtained from the degree based evaluation were deleted from their own reference network respectively， and the connectivity of the reference networks after deleting the important nodes was tested. The worse the connectivity was， the more important the nodes were. Finally， the Louvain community discovery algorithm was used to test the network connectivity， that is to find the communities of the network nodes. The more nodes not included in the communities， the worse the network connectivity. Experimental results show that after deleting the important nodes found by the comprehensive evaluation method based on multi-attribute， more nodes cannot be included in the communities than those of the evaluation method based on degree， proving that the proposed method can better find the important nodes in the reference network. The proposed method helps standard makers quickly grasp the core contents and key nodes when revising and updating standards， and plays a guiding role in the construction of the system of national food safety standards.

Key words: complex network, node importance, multi-attribute decision-making, network connectivity, comprehensive evaluation

摘要：

针对如何利用食品安全标准引用网络来从众多的食品安全国家标准中找到对食品安全检验、检测影响较大的关键标准，提出了一种基于多属性综合评价的食品安全标准引用网络重要节点发现方法。首先，利用社交网络分析中的度中心性、紧密度中心性、介数中心性以及Web页面重要度评价算法PageRank，分别对标准节点的重要性进行评价；然后，使用层次分析法（AHP）计算各个评价指标在重要性评价中的权重，通过基于逼近理想解排序法（TOPSIS）的多属性决策方法综合评价标准节点的重要性并寻找到重要节点；其次，将基于综合评价得到的重要节点与基于度的评价得到的重要节点分别从各自的引用网络中删除，并检验重要节点删除后引用网络的连通性，连通性越差，说明节点越重要；最后，使用Louvain社区发现算法检验网络的连通性，即对网络节点进行社区发现，没有被划入社区的节点越多，说明网络的连通性越差。实验结果表明，相较于基于度的评价方法，基于多属性的综合评价方法发现的重要节点被删除后不能划入社区的节点更多，证明后者能更好地发现引用网络中的重要节点。可见所提方法有助于标准制定者在修改、更新标准时，快速把握核心内容与关键节点，对食品安全国家标准的体系构建起到指导作用。

关键词: 复杂网络, 节点重要性, 多属性决策, 网络连通性, 综合评价