Abstract: Since the real-time operating system kernel uses up a lot of system resources, it will reduce the enforceability of the application. In order to resolve this problem, a hardware real-time operating system was designed based on FPGA, and the task management of the μC/OS-Ⅱ based on hardware was implemented. The waiting list of tasks was designed by on-chip registers of FPGA, with the corresponding access module designed by hardware circuit, saving the system time wasted due to accessing memory frequently. Through the design of the TCB-based on-chip registers and the task scheduler based on combinational circuits, the potential of the multi-task parallelism was given to its full play. The system adopted VHDL, and simulated through the ISE 8.2 software. The simulation results show that the hardware implementation of the system reduces the running time efficiently and makes it possible to be applied in time-critical systems.

Key words: hardware real-time operating system, FPGA, task management, VHDL, parallelism

摘要： 针对实时操作系统的开销导致应用程序可执行性降低的问题，提出了基于FPGA的硬件实时操作系统设计方案，实现了μC/OS-Ⅱ任务管理模块的硬件化。采用FPGA片内寄存器实现等待任务列表，并设计了相应的硬件电路访问该表，节省了系统由于频繁访存而浪费的时间。通过设计基于片内寄存器的TCB及基于组合电路的任务调度器，充分发挥了多任务潜在的并行性。整个设计采用VHDL，通过ISE 8.2软件时序仿真验证。仿真结果表明，利用硬件实现减少了任务运行时间，使其在一些实时性要求较高的场合得到应用成为可能。

关键词: 硬件实时操作系统, 现场可编程门阵列, 任务管理, 超高速集成电路硬件描述语言, 并行性