《计算机应用》唯一官方网站 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (2): 599-605.DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2021020292

• 前沿与综合应用 • 上一篇    

基于遗传算法和粒子群优化的列车自动驾驶速度曲线优化方法

张京, 朱爱红()   

  1. 兰州交通大学 自动化与电气工程学院,兰州 730070
  • 收稿日期:2021-02-26 修回日期:2021-04-12 接受日期:2021-04-13 发布日期:2021-04-20 出版日期:2022-02-10
  • 通讯作者: 朱爱红
  • 作者简介:张京(1994—),男,湖北黄冈人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:交通控制系统;
    朱爱红(1969—),女,河南西平人,副教授,硕士,主要研究方向:交通信息工程及控制。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(61763025)

Optimization method of automatic train operation speed curve based on genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization

Jing ZHANG, Aihong ZHU()   

  1. School of Automation and Electrical Engineering,Lanzhou Jiaotong University,Lanzhou Gansu 730070,China
  • Received:2021-02-26 Revised:2021-04-12 Accepted:2021-04-13 Online:2021-04-20 Published:2022-02-10
  • Contact: Aihong ZHU
  • About author:ZHANG Jing, born in 1994, M. S. candidate. His research interests include traffic control system.
    ZHU Aihong, born in 1969, M. S., associate professor. Her research interests include traffic information engineering and control.
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(61763025)

摘要:

针对列车自动驾驶(ATO)过程中的精准停车、准时性、舒适性以及能耗问题,提出一种基于遗传算法与粒子群优化(GAPSO)算法结合的ATO速度曲线优化方法。首先,建立列车ATO运行多目标优化模型,将列车过分相区断电惰行纳入控制策略,并对运行控制策略进行分析;其次,对粒子群优化(PSO)算法进行改进,采用非线性动态惯性权重和改进的加速度系数,并将遗传算子融入其中,从而构成一种全新的GAPSO算法,且验证了GAPSO算法在全局搜索和局部搜索能力以及收敛速度上的优越性。最后,通过GAPSO算法对工况转换点进行寻优,以获取一组满足多目标优化的工况转换点速度,进而得到最优目标速度曲线。仿真实验结果表明,所提优化方法在总体运行时间满足准时性要求的前提下,使能耗降低了13.29%,舒适性提高了26.62%,停车误差降低了21.62%。由此可见,优化后的列车目标速度曲线能够满足多目标要求,该方法为列车ATO多目标优化提供了一种可行的解决方案。

关键词: 列车自动驾驶, 多目标优化, 分相区, 目标速度曲线, 遗传算子, 粒子群优化算法

Abstract:

Aiming at the problems of precise parking, punctuality, comfort and energy consumption in the process of Automatic Train Operation (ATO), an optimization method of ATO speed curve based on GAPSO (Genetic Algorithm and Particle Swarm Optimization) algorithm was proposed. Firstly, a multi-objective optimization model of train ATO operation was established, the train passing through the neutral zone with power cutoff and coasting was included in the control strategy, and the operation control strategy was analyzed. Secondly, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm was improved, the nonlinear dynamic inertia weight and the improved acceleration coefficient were adopted, and the genetic operator was integrated into it to form a brand-new GAPSO algorithm, and the superiority of GAPSO algorithm in global search and local search ability as well as convergence speed was verified. Finally, GAPSO algorithm was used to optimize the operating mode changing points, and a set of operating mode changing point speeds satisfying multi-objective optimization was obtained, thereby obtaining the optimal target speed curve. Simulation experimental results show that under the premise that the overall running time meets the requirements of punctuality, the optimization method can make the energy consumption reduced by 13.29%, the comfort increased by 26.62%, and the parking error reduced by 21.62%. Therefore, the optimized train target speed curve can meet the multi-objective requirements, and this method provides a feasible solution for train ATO multi-objective optimization.

Key words: Automatic Train Operation (ATO), multi-objective optimization, neutral zone, target speed curve, genetic operator, Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm

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