Optimization of ordered charging strategy for large scale electric vehicles based on quadratic clustering
ZHANG Jie1, YANG Chunyu1, JU Fei2, XU Xiaolong1
1. School of Computer Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing Jiangsu 210023, China; 2. Changzhou Power Supply Company, State Grid Corporation of China, Changzhou Jiangsu 213017, China
Abstract:Aiming at the problem of unbalanced utilization rate distribution of charging station caused by disordered charging for a large number of electric vehicles, an orderly charging strategy for electric vehicles was proposed. Firstly, the location of the electric vehicle's charging demand was clustered, and the hierarchical clustering and quadratic division based on K-means were used to achieve the convergence of electric vehicles with similar properties. Furthermore, the optimized path to charging station was determined by Dijkstra algorithm, and by using the even distribution and the shortest charging distance of electric vehicles as objectives functions, the charging scheduling model based on electric vehicle clustering was constructed, and the genetic algorithm was used to solve the problem. The simulation results show that compared with the charging scheduling strategy without clustering of electric vehicles, the computation time of the proposed method can be reduced by more than a half for large scale vehicles, and it has higher practicability.
张洁, 杨春玉, 鞠非, 徐小龙. 基于二次聚类的大规模电动汽车有序充电调度策略优化[J]. 计算机应用, 2017, 37(10): 2978-2982.
ZHANG Jie, YANG Chunyu, JU Fei, XU Xiaolong. Optimization of ordered charging strategy for large scale electric vehicles based on quadratic clustering. Journal of Computer Applications, 2017, 37(10): 2978-2982.
[1] GUO P, LIU P. Research on development of electric vehicles in China[C]//Proceedings of the 2010 International Conference on Future Information Technology and Management Engineering. Piscataway, NJ: IEEE, 2010: 94-96. [2] WENTAO J, YADAN Y, LNHI K, et al. Electric vehicle: a review of network modelling and future research needs [J]. Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 2016, 8(1): 1-8. [3] 陈中, 黄学良.电动汽车规模化发展所面临的挑战与机遇[J]. 电气工程学报, 2015, 10(4): 35-44. (CHEN Z, HUANG X L. The challenge of scale development of electric vehicles [J]. Journal of Electrical Engineering, 2015, 10(4): 35-44.) [4] 刘卓然, 陈健, 林凯, 等.国内外电动汽车发展现状与趋势[J]. 电力建设, 2015, 36(7): 25-32. (LIU Z R, CHEN J, LIN K, et al. Domestic and foreign present situation and the tendency of electric vehicles [J]. Electric Power Construction, 2015, 36(7): 25-32.) [5] 鞠非, 杨春玉, 徐小龙, 等.基于时空约束的电动汽车充电策略[J]. 电网与清洁能源, 2016,32(9): 96-101. (JU F, YANG C Y, XU X L, et al. A charging strategy for electric vehicles based on spatiotemporal restriction [J]. Power System and Clean Energy, 2016, 32(9): 96-101.) [6] HU H, LUO Q, GUO J. Electric vehicles operations oriented network and data analysis [C]//Proceedings of the 4th National Conference on Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering. New York: Curran Associates, 2015: 1264-1267. [7] 胡泽春, 宋永华, 徐智威, 等.电动汽车接入电网的影响与利用[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2012, 32(4): 1-10. (HU Z C, SONG Y H, XU Z W, et al. Impacts and utilization of electric vehicles integration into power systems [J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2012, 32(4): 1-10.) [8] QIN H, ZHANG W. Charging scheduling with minimal waiting in a network of electric vehicles and charging stations[C]//VANET 2011: Proceedings of the Eighth ACM International Workshop on Vehicular Inter-Networking. New York: ACM, 2011: 51-60. [9] 田文奇, 和敬涵, 姜久春, 等.电动汽车充电负荷空间分配优化算法[J]. 电工技术学报, 2013, 28(3): 269-276. (TIAN W Q, HE J H, JIAG J C, et al. Electric vehicle charging load spatial allocation optimization algorithm [J]. Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, 2013, 28(3): 269-276.) [10] ESMAILI M, RAJABI M. Optimal charging of plug-in electric vehicles observing power grid constraints[J]. IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, 2014, 8(4): 583-590. [11] 苗世洪, 徐浩, 钱甜甜, 等.扩展时间尺度下的电动汽车有序充电策略[J]. 中国电机工程学报, 2015, 35(23): 5959-5967. (MIAO S H, XU H, QIAN T T, et al. An ordered charging strategy for electric vehicles under an extended time scale [J]. Proceedings of the CSEE, 2015, 35(23): 5959-5967.) [12] 张静, 汤奕, 陈成, 等.考虑分时电价和系统峰谷差动态约束的电动汽车有序充电策略[J]. 电网与清洁能源, 2014,30(5): 79-84. (ZHANG J, TANG Y, CHEN C, et al. Coordinated charging strategy for electric vehicles considering time-of-use price and peak-valley difference dynamic constraints [J]. Power System and Clean Energy, 2014,30(5): 79-84.) [13] 刘利兵, 刘天琪, 张涛,等.计及电池动态损耗的电动汽车有序充放电策略优化[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2016, 40(5):83-90. (LIU L B, LIU T Q, ZHANG T, et al. Orderly charging and discharging strategy optimization for electric vehicles considering dynamic battery-wear model [J]. Automation of Electric Power Systems, 2016, 40(5): 83-90.) [14] 陈静鹏, 朴龙健, 艾芊.基于改进贪心算法的大规模电动汽车充电行为优化[J]. 电力自动化设备, 2016, 36(10): 38-44. (CHEN J P, PIAO L J, AI Q. Charging optimization based on improved greedy algorithm for massive EVs [J]. Electric Power Automation Equipment, 2016, 36(10): 38-44.) [15] 张良, 严正, 冯冬涵, 等.采用两阶段优化模型的电动汽车充电站内有序充电策略[J]. 电网技术, 2014, 38(4): 967-973. (ZHANG L, YAN Z, FENG D H, et al. Two-stage optimization model based coordinated charging for EV charging station [J]. Power System Technology, 2014, 38(4): 967-973.) [16] 徐智威, 胡泽春, 宋永华, 等.充电站内电动汽车有序充电策略[J]. 电力系统自动化, 2012, 36(11): 38-43. (XU Z W, HU Z C, SONG Y H, et al. Coordinated charging of plug-in electric vehicle in charging station [J]. Automation of Electric Power System, 2012, 36(11): 38-43.) [17] 常方宇, 黄梅, 张维戈.分时充电价格下电动汽车有序充电引导策略[J]. 电网技术, 2016, 40(9): 2609-2615. (CHANG F Y, HUANG M, ZHANG W G. Research on coordinated charging of electric vehicles based on TOU charging price [J]. Power System Technology, 2016, 40(9): 2609-2615.) [18] 王润芳, 时庆涛.车辆拥堵状态下的最优路径规划建模研究[J]. 计算机仿真, 2016, 33(2): 204-206. (WANG R F, SHI Q T. Modeling research of optimal path planning in status of vehicle congestion [J]. Computer Simulation, 2016, 33(2): 204-206.) [19] 周悦, 贾雪松, 张东伟, 等.基于层次聚类和人工免疫的无监督结构故障分类算法[J]. 沈阳建筑大学学报(自然科学版), 2014(2): 374-378. (ZHOU Y, JIA X S, ZHANG D W, et al. Unsupervised structural damage classification algorithm based on hierarchical clustering and artificial immune pattern recognition[J]. Journal of Shenyang Jianzhu University (Natural Science), 2014(2): 374-378.)