命名数据网络研究综述

doi:10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2021091576

《计算机应用》唯一官方网站 ›› 2022, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (10): 3111-3123.DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2021091576

所属专题：综述

命名数据网络研究综述

马红桥¹^,²^,³, 杨文忠¹^,²^,³, 康鹏¹^,²^,³, 阳健康⁴, 刘元山¹, 周越¹

^1.新疆大学信息科学与工程学院, 乌鲁木齐 830046
^2.新疆多语种信息技术重点实验室(新疆大学), 乌鲁木齐 830046
^3.新疆多语种信息技术研究中心(新疆大学), 乌鲁木齐 830046
^4.32161部队, 库尔勒新疆 841000

收稿日期:2021-09-07 修回日期:2021-12-28 接受日期:2022-01-04 发布日期:2022-04-15 出版日期:2022-10-10
通讯作者: 杨文忠
作者简介:第一联系人：马红桥（1997—），男，甘肃武威人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向：网络安全、区块链、下一代互联网
杨文忠（1971—），男，河南南阳人，教授，博士，CCF会员，主要研究方向：网络空间安全、无线网络、区块链；ywz_xy@163.com
康鹏（1996—），男，新疆哈密人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向：网络安全、区块链、下一代互联网
阳健康（1995—），男，四川南充人，助理讲师，主要研究方向：电子通信
刘元山（1996—），男，甘肃武威人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向：网络安全、下一代互联网
周越（1996—），男，重庆人，硕士研究生，主要研究方向：网络安全。
基金资助:
新疆维吾尔自治区重大科技专项(2020A02001?1);新疆网信科创课题研究项目(12021605)

Survey of named data networking

Hongqiao MA¹^,²^,³, Wenzhong YANG¹^,²^,³, Peng KANG¹^,²^,³, Jiankang YANG⁴, Yuanshan LIU¹, Yue ZHOU¹

^1.College of Information Science and Engineering，Xinjiang University，Urumqi Xinjiang 830046，China
^2.Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Multi?Language Information Technology （Xinjiang University），Urumqi Xinjiang 830046，China
^3.Xinjiang Research Center of Multi?Language Information Technology （Xinjiang University），Urumqi Xinjiang 830046，China
^4.32161 Unit，Korla Xinjiang 841000，China

Received:2021-09-07 Revised:2021-12-28 Accepted:2022-01-04 Online:2022-04-15 Published:2022-10-10
Contact: Wenzhong YANG
About author:MA Hongqiao， born in 1997， M. S. candidate. His research interests include network security， blockchain， next generation internet.
YANG Wenzhong，born in 1971， Ph. D. ， professor. His research interests include cyberspace security， wireless networks， blockchain.
KANG Peng，born in 1996， M. S. candidate. His research interests include network security， blockchain technology， next generation internet.
YANG Jiankang，born in 1995， assistant lecturer. His research interests include electronic communication.
LIU Yuanshan，born in 1996， M. S. candidate. His research interests include network security， next generation internet.
ZHOU Yue，born in 1996， M. S. candidate. His research interests include network security.
Supported by:
Special Science and Technology Project of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region(2020A02001-1);Scientific and Technological Innovation Research Project of Xinjiang Cyberspace Administration(12021605)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

命名数据网络（NDN）的独特优势使其被认为是下一代新型互联网体系架构的候选者。通过对NDN通信原理的分析以及与传统传输控制协议/网际协议（TCP/IP）体系架构的对比，阐述了该新型体系架构所具有的优势，并在此基础上总结分析了该网络体系架构设计的关键要素。此外，为更好地帮助研究人员了解这一新型网络架构，总结了NDN经过多年发展已取得的成功应用，并紧随主流技术，重点介绍NDN对前沿区块链技术的支持，且依托该支持对基于NDN和区块链技术应用的研究和发展进行了讨论和展望。

关键词: 未来互联网, 互联网体系架构, 信息中心网络, 命名数据网络, 网络应用

Abstract:

The unique advantages of Named Data Networking （NDN） make it a candidate for the next generation of new internet architecture. Through the analysis of the communication principle of NDN and the comparison of it with the traditional Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol （TCP/IP） architecture， the advantages of the new architecture were described. And on this basis， the key elements of this network architecture design were summarized and analyzed. In addition， in order to help researchers better understand this new network architecture， the successful applications of NDN after years of development were summed up. Following the mainstream technology， the support of NDN for cutting-edge blockchain technology was focused on. Based on this support， the research and development of the applications of NDN and blockchain technology were discussed and prospected.

Key words: future internet, internet architecture, Information Centric Network (ICN), Named Data Networking (NDN), network application

中图分类号:

TN919

马红桥, 杨文忠, 康鹏, 阳健康, 刘元山, 周越. 命名数据网络研究综述[J]. 计算机应用, 2022, 42(10): 3111-3123.

Hongqiao MA, Wenzhong YANG, Peng KANG, Jiankang YANG, Yuanshan LIU, Yue ZHOU. Survey of named data networking[J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2022, 42(10): 3111-3123.

图/表 11

图1 TCP/IP网络与NDN体系架构

Fig. 1 Architectures of TCP/IP network and NDN

表1 传统TCP/IP网络与NDN架构的对比

Tab. 1 Architecture comparison between traditional TCP/IP network and NDN

类别	传统TCP/IP网络	命名数据网络（NDN）
名词变化	发送者	内容生产者或内容提供者（发布者）
	接收者	内容消费者（订阅者）
	端口	Face
对立概念	由发送端驱动控制	由接收端驱动控制
	客户端/服务器同步通信	发布/订阅异步通信
	以主机为中心（通过主机 IP地址进行通信）	以内容为中心（通过内容名称name检索数据）
	单播	统一的单播、多播和任播
	明确目的地址	隐含目的地址
	端到端	端到数据
	保护通信信道，基于主机的认证	数字签名直接保证数据的完整性和可信任性

图2 NDN通信原理

Fig. 2 NDN communication principle

图3 NDN中数据包的路由转发流程

Fig. 3 Flow of data packet routing and forwarding in NDN

图4 NDN命名机制

Fig. 4 NDN naming mechanism

图5 名称遍历树

Fig. 5 Name traversal tree

图6 NDN密钥数据包

Fig. 6 NDN key packet

图7 博客网站的命名空间和认证路径

Fig. 7 Namespace and authentication path of blog site

图8 NDN应用分类

Fig. 8 Classification of NDN applications

图9 车联网应用场景概览

Fig. 9 Summary of internet of vehicles application scenario

图10 NDN车联网实例

Fig. 10 Example of NDN internet of vehicles

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命名数据网络研究综述

Survey of named data networking

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