关键词: 区块链, 共识机制, 委员会共识, 信誉选举, 授权股权证明

Abstract:

Delegated Proof of Stake （DPoS）， recognized as a mainstream consensus mechanism， encounters key problems including time-consuming election process， lack of active node participation in voting， and difficulties in handling malicious nodes， impeding its rapid development. In response to these problems， a credit-based committee consensus mechanism， Proof of Luck and Credit （PoLaC）， was proposed. Firstly， credit value was served as the evaluation criterion for nodes’ historical behaviors， and nodes with high credit value were selected as committee members， thereby simplifying the election process significantly. Secondly， the concept of lucky value was introduced to enhance the successful election probabilities for ordinary nodes， thereby stimulating the participation of ordinary nodes in network consensus. Finally， a delayed forking method was employed to rectify the behavior of malicious nodes. Experimental results demonstrate that in terms of consensus communication overhead， PoLaC network has 30% less communication overhead than DPoS network with 50% voting intention. In terms of low-weighted node revenue， revenues in PoLaC network are three times higher than those in DPoS network. In terms of the percentage of malicious nodes in the committee， during the credit stabilization period， the number of malicious nodes in PoLaC network’s committee is approximately one-fifth of those in DPoS. Compared to other similar credit-based consensus mechanisms， PoLaC exhibits certain advantages in network communication overhead， node activity， and malicious node handling.

Key words: blockchain, consensus mechanism, committee consensus, credit election, Delegated Proof of Stake (DPoS)