《计算机应用》唯一官方网站 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 1120-1129.DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2024040415
        
                    
            姜坤元1, 李小霞1,2( ), 王利3, 曹耀丹3, 张晓强1,2, 丁楠1, 周颖玥1,2
), 王利3, 曹耀丹3, 张晓强1,2, 丁楠1, 周颖玥1,2
                  
        
        
        
        
    
收稿日期:2024-04-11
									
				
											修回日期:2024-06-26
									
				
											接受日期:2024-06-28
									
				
											发布日期:2025-04-08
									
				
											出版日期:2025-04-10
									
				
			通讯作者:
					李小霞
							作者简介:姜坤元(2000—),女,山东淄博人,硕士研究生,CCF会员,主要研究方向:模式识别、医学图像处理基金资助:
        
                                                                                                                                                                            Kunyuan JIANG1, Xiaoxia LI1,2( ), Li WANG3, Yaodan CAO3, Xiaoqiang ZHANG1,2, Nan DING1, Yingyue ZHOU1,2
), Li WANG3, Yaodan CAO3, Xiaoqiang ZHANG1,2, Nan DING1, Yingyue ZHOU1,2
			  
			
			
			
                
        
    
Received:2024-04-11
									
				
											Revised:2024-06-26
									
				
											Accepted:2024-06-28
									
				
											Online:2025-04-08
									
				
											Published:2025-04-10
									
			Contact:
					Xiaoxia LI   
							About author:JIANG Kunyuan, born in 2000, M. S. candidate. Her research interests include pattern recognition, medical image processing.Supported by:摘要:
针对内镜语义分割网络中病灶边缘信息丢失和大面积病灶分割不全的问题,提出一种引入解耦残差自注意力(DRA)的边界交叉监督语义分割网络(BCS-SegNet)。首先,引入DRA,以增强网络对远距离关联性病灶的学习能力;其次,构建跨级交叉融合(CLF)模块,从而将编码结构中的多级特征图逐对组合,进而实现在低计算成本下图像细节与语义信息的融合;最后,使用多方向多尺度的二维Gabor变换提取边缘信息,并使用空间注意力加权特征图中的边缘特征,以监督分割网络的解码过程,从而在像素级别上提供更精准的类内分割一致性。实验结果表明,在ISIC2018皮肤镜和Kvasir-SEG/CVC-ClinicDB结肠镜数据集上,BCS-SegNet的平均交并比(mIoU)和Dice系数分别为84.27%、90.68%和79.24%、87.91%;在自建食管内镜数据集上,BCS-SegNet的mIoU和Dice系数分别为82.73%和90.84%,mIoU相较于U-net和UCTransNet分别提升了3.30%和4.97%。可见,所提网络可以达到更完整的分割区域和更清晰的边缘细节等视觉效果。
中图分类号:
姜坤元, 李小霞, 王利, 曹耀丹, 张晓强, 丁楠, 周颖玥. 引入解耦残差自注意力的边界交叉监督语义分割网络[J]. 计算机应用, 2025, 45(4): 1120-1129.
Kunyuan JIANG, Xiaoxia LI, Li WANG, Yaodan CAO, Xiaoqiang ZHANG, Nan DING, Yingyue ZHOU. Boundary-cross supervised semantic segmentation network with decoupled residual self-attention[J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2025, 45(4): 1120-1129.
| 图像类型 | 训练集样本数 | 验证集样本数 | 测试集样本数 | 总数 | 
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 皮肤镜图像 | 2 047 | 260 | 260 | 2 567 | 
| 结肠镜图像 | 1 450 | 162 | 160 | 1 772 | 
| 食管内镜图像 | 2 552 | 310 | 310 | 3 172 | 
表1 各实验数据集样本数
Tab. 1 Number of each experimental dataset
| 图像类型 | 训练集样本数 | 验证集样本数 | 测试集样本数 | 总数 | 
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 皮肤镜图像 | 2 047 | 260 | 260 | 2 567 | 
| 结肠镜图像 | 1 450 | 162 | 160 | 1 772 | 
| 食管内镜图像 | 2 552 | 310 | 310 | 3 172 | 
| 网络类型 | 网络 | mIoU/% | Dice/% | 计算量/GFLOPs | 参数量/106 | 帧率/(frame·s-1) | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CNN | U-net | 80.09 | 87.19 | 226.15 | 24.89 | 20 | 
| DeepLabV3+ | 79.80 | 88.53 | 264.60 | 70.07 | 12 | |
| U2-Net | 74.43 | 83.31 | 150.61 | 43.99 | 18 | |
| EGE-UNet | 63.40 | 75.46 | 0.28 | 0.04 | 26 | |
| Transformer+CNN | MedT | 68.55 | 76.92 | 70.89 | 10.80 | 24 | 
| TransUnet | 81.21 | 87.86 | 129.29 | 93.23 | 14 | |
| UCTransNet | 78.81 | 86.90 | 172.01 | 66.24 | 12 | |
| BCS-SegNet | 82.73 | 90.84 | 232.71 | 24.98 | 19 | 
表2 不同网络在自建食管数据集上的结果对比
Tab. 2 Comparison of results of different networks on self-built esophageal endoscopy dataset
| 网络类型 | 网络 | mIoU/% | Dice/% | 计算量/GFLOPs | 参数量/106 | 帧率/(frame·s-1) | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CNN | U-net | 80.09 | 87.19 | 226.15 | 24.89 | 20 | 
| DeepLabV3+ | 79.80 | 88.53 | 264.60 | 70.07 | 12 | |
| U2-Net | 74.43 | 83.31 | 150.61 | 43.99 | 18 | |
| EGE-UNet | 63.40 | 75.46 | 0.28 | 0.04 | 26 | |
| Transformer+CNN | MedT | 68.55 | 76.92 | 70.89 | 10.80 | 24 | 
| TransUnet | 81.21 | 87.86 | 129.29 | 93.23 | 14 | |
| UCTransNet | 78.81 | 86.90 | 172.01 | 66.24 | 12 | |
| BCS-SegNet | 82.73 | 90.84 | 232.71 | 24.98 | 19 | 
| 网络类型 | 方法 | ISIC2018 | Kvasir-SEG/CVC-ClinicDB | 计算量/GFLOPs | 参数量/106 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mIoU/% | Dice/% | mIoU/% | Dice/% | ||||
| CNN | U-net | 77.28 | 87.15 | 78.48 | 87.63 | 226.15 | 24.89 | 
| UPerNet | 77.37 | 89.39 | 75.44 | 84.18 | 30.73 | 27.39 | |
| UNeXt | 72.27 | 82.52 | 75.96 | 86.19 | 2.30 | 1.47 | |
| EGE-UNet | 80.12 | 88.96 | 68.97 | 81.64 | 0.28 | 0.04 | |
| Transformer+CNN | MedT | 71.19 | 82.41 | 76.79 | 84.32 | 70.89 | 10.80 | 
| BCS-SegNet | 84.27 | 90.68 | 79.24 | 87.91 | 232.70 | 24.98 | |
表3 不同网络在公共数据集上的结果对比
Tab. 3 Comparison of results of different networks on public datasets
| 网络类型 | 方法 | ISIC2018 | Kvasir-SEG/CVC-ClinicDB | 计算量/GFLOPs | 参数量/106 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mIoU/% | Dice/% | mIoU/% | Dice/% | ||||
| CNN | U-net | 77.28 | 87.15 | 78.48 | 87.63 | 226.15 | 24.89 | 
| UPerNet | 77.37 | 89.39 | 75.44 | 84.18 | 30.73 | 27.39 | |
| UNeXt | 72.27 | 82.52 | 75.96 | 86.19 | 2.30 | 1.47 | |
| EGE-UNet | 80.12 | 88.96 | 68.97 | 81.64 | 0.28 | 0.04 | |
| Transformer+CNN | MedT | 71.19 | 82.41 | 76.79 | 84.32 | 70.89 | 10.80 | 
| BCS-SegNet | 84.27 | 90.68 | 79.24 | 87.91 | 232.70 | 24.98 | |
| 实验编号 | 网络 | mIoU/% | Dice/% | 
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | U-net | 80.09 | 87.19 | 
| 2 | +DRA | 81.33 | 88.24 | 
| 3 | +CLF | 80.61 | 88.12 | 
| 4 | +BSD | 82.70 | 90.72 | 
| 5 | +DRA、CLF | 81.52 | 88.31 | 
| 6 | +DRA、CLF、BSD(BCS-SegNet) | 82.73 | 90.84 | 
表4 各模块消融实验结果
Tab. 4 Ablation experimental results for each module
| 实验编号 | 网络 | mIoU/% | Dice/% | 
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | U-net | 80.09 | 87.19 | 
| 2 | +DRA | 81.33 | 88.24 | 
| 3 | +CLF | 80.61 | 88.12 | 
| 4 | +BSD | 82.70 | 90.72 | 
| 5 | +DRA、CLF | 81.52 | 88.31 | 
| 6 | +DRA、CLF、BSD(BCS-SegNet) | 82.73 | 90.84 | 
| f1 | f2 | f3 | f4 | f5 | mIoU/% | Dice/% | 计算量/GFLOPs | 参数量/106 | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| √ | 81.47 | 88.36 | 235.48 | 24.91 | ||||
| √ | 81.33 | 88.24 | 232.30 | 24.98 | ||||
| √ | 80.19 | 87.35 | 231.76 | 25.23 | ||||
| √ | 80.16 | 86.96 | 231.42 | 26.21 | ||||
| √ | 79.44 | 85.87 | 227.52 | 26.21 | 
表5 解耦残差自注意力的消融实验结果
Tab. 5 Ablation experimental results of decoupled residual self-attention
| f1 | f2 | f3 | f4 | f5 | mIoU/% | Dice/% | 计算量/GFLOPs | 参数量/106 | 
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| √ | 81.47 | 88.36 | 235.48 | 24.91 | ||||
| √ | 81.33 | 88.24 | 232.30 | 24.98 | ||||
| √ | 80.19 | 87.35 | 231.76 | 25.23 | ||||
| √ | 80.16 | 86.96 | 231.42 | 26.21 | ||||
| √ | 79.44 | 85.87 | 227.52 | 26.21 | 
| 编号 | 融合策略 | mIoU/% | Dice/% | 
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 融合 | 80.61 | 88.12 | 
| 2 | 融合 | 80.38 | 87.54 | 
| 3 | 融合 | 79.43 | 86.39 | 
表6 跨级交叉融合的消融实验结果
Tab. 6 Ablation experimental results of cross level fusion
| 编号 | 融合策略 | mIoU/% | Dice/% | 
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 融合 | 80.61 | 88.12 | 
| 2 | 融合 | 80.38 | 87.54 | 
| 3 | 融合 | 79.43 | 86.39 | 
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