《计算机应用》唯一官方网站 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (10): 3384-3390.DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2025091071

• 前沿与综合应用 • 上一篇    

面向室内火灾的多源多汇实时动态路径规划方法

韩涛, 韩李涛(), 纪然   

  1. 山东科技大学 测绘与空间信息学院,山东 青岛 266590
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-17 修回日期:2025-10-30 接受日期:2025-11-04 发布日期:2025-11-10 出版日期:2026-10-10
  • 通讯作者: 韩李涛
  • 作者简介:韩涛(2000—),男,山东滨州人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:室内应急疏散规划
    纪然(2002—),女,山东泰安人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:室内应急疏散规划。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(42271436)

Real-time dynamic multi-source multi-sink path planning method for indoor fire scenarios

Tao HAN, Litao HAN(), Ran JI   

  1. College of Geodesy and Geomatics,Shandong University of Science and Technology,Qingdao Shandong 266590,China
  • Received:2025-09-17 Revised:2025-10-30 Accepted:2025-11-04 Online:2025-11-10 Published:2026-10-10
  • Contact: Litao HAN
  • About author:HAN Tao, born in 2000, M. S. candidate. His research interests include indoor emergency evacuation planning.
    JI Ran, born in 2002, M. S. candidate. Her research interests include indoor emergency evacuation planning.
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(42271436)

摘要:

实时动态的最优路径规划对于室内火灾场景下的人员快速逃生至关重要。然而,由于室内火灾发展迅速且动态性强,现有疏散路径规划算法在多源多汇场景中还无法实现高效的动态路径规划。针对该问题,提出一种基于改进D*Lite算法的室内火灾应急疏散路径规划方法——矩形约束的共享环境图D*Lite(RCSM-D*Lite)。首先,引入搜索矩形约束,减少遍历节点数;其次,针对火灾场景快速扩散的特点,使用双层搜索机制确保逃生主体远离火灾危险区域;最后,引入虚拟节点统一出口并使用共享环境图实现地图、火灾危险度等火灾动态场景的信息共享,提升算法效率。在40×160的地图中进行20人路径规划实验,实验结果表明:改进D*Lite算法相较于原始D*Lite算法耗时降低了72.1%;火灾动态场景仿真结果验证了该算法能够确保行人远离火灾危险区域,安全到达出口,为室内应急疏散仿真与规划提供更好的支持。

关键词: 室内火灾, 路径规划, D*Lite算法, 应急疏散, 多源多汇问题

Abstract:

Real-time dynamic optimal path planning is critical for facilitating rapid evacuation of personnel in indoor fire scenarios. However, due to the rapid development and high dynamics of indoor fires, the existing evacuation path planning algorithms cannot achieve efficient dynamic path planning in multi-source multi-sink environments. To address this issue, an indoor fire emergency evacuation path planning method based on an improved D*Lite algorithm was proposed, namely Rectangular Constrained Shared Map D*Lite (RCSM-D*Lite) algorithm. First, a search rectangle constraint was introduced to reduce the number of traversed nodes. Second, to account for the rapid spread of fire, a dual-layer search mechanism was adopted to ensure that evacuees maintain a safe distance from hazardous fire regions. Finally, a virtual node was introduced to unify exits, and a shared environment map was incorporated to share information such as map layout, fire hazard levels and other fire dynamics, thereby improving algorithm efficiency. Path planning experiments with 20 persons were carried out on a 40×160 map. The results show that the improved D*Lite algorithm reduces the time computation by 72.1% compared with the original D*Lite algorithm. Simulation results under dynamic fire scenarios verify that this algorithm allows evacuees to keep a safe distance from hazardous fire regions and reach exits safely, providing support for indoor emergency evacuation simulation and planning.

Key words: indoor fire, path planning, D*Lite algorithm, emergency evacuation, multi-source and multi-sink problem

中图分类号: