《计算机应用》唯一官方网站 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (10): 3017-3027.DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2022111643

• 区块链 • 上一篇    下一篇

跨链综述:机制、协议、应用与挑战

陈龙飞1,2(), 姚中原1,2, 潘恒1,2, 权高原1,2, 斯雪明1,2   

  1. 1.中原工学院 前沿信息技术研究院,郑州 450007
    2.河南省区块链与数据共享国际联合实验室(中原工学院),郑州 450007
  • 收稿日期:2022-11-02 修回日期:2022-12-02 接受日期:2022-12-13 发布日期:2023-05-08 出版日期:2023-10-10
  • 通讯作者: 陈龙飞
  • 作者简介:姚中原(1988—),男,河南固始人,讲师,博士,CCF会员,主要研究方向:密码学、区块链
    潘恒(1977—),女,河南新乡人,教授,博士,CCF高级会员,主要研究方向:区块链、网络安全
    权高原(1999—),男,河南南阳人,硕士研究生,CCF会员,主要研究方向:区块链
    斯雪明(1966—),男,浙江诸暨人,教授,CCF会员,主要研究方向:区块链、网络安全。
  • 基金资助:
    河南省重大公益专项(201300210300);河南省科技攻关项目(222102210168);河南省网络密码技术重点实验室开放基金资助项目(LNCT2022?A12);嵩山实验室预研项目(YYJC032022021)

Cross-chain review: mechanisms, protocols, applications and challenges

Longfei CHEN1,2(), Zhongyuan YAO1,2, Heng PAN1,2, Gaoyuan QUAN1,2, Xueming SI1,2   

  1. 1.Frontier Information Technology Research Institute,Zhongyuan University of Technology,Zhengzhou Henan 450007,China
    2.Henan International Joint Laboratory of Blockchain and Data Sharing (Zhongyuan University of Technology),Zhengzhou Henan 450007,China
  • Received:2022-11-02 Revised:2022-12-02 Accepted:2022-12-13 Online:2023-05-08 Published:2023-10-10
  • Contact: Longfei CHEN
  • About author:YAO Zhongyuan, born in 1988, Ph. D., lecturer. His research interests include cryptology, blockchain.
    PAN Heng, born in 1977, Ph. D., professor. Her research interests include blockchain, cybersecurity.
    QUAN Gaoyuan, born in 1999, M. S. candidate. His research interests include blockchain.
    SI Xueming, born in 1966, professor. His research interests include blockchain, cybersecurity.
  • Supported by:
    Major Public Welfare Project of Henan Province(201300210300);Key Science and Technology Project of Henan Province(222102210168);Open Fund of Henan Key Laboratory of Network Cryptography Technology(LNCT2022-A12);Pre-research Project of Songshan Laboratory(YYJC032022021)

摘要:

随着区块链技术及应用的不断发展,人们对区块链之间的交互需求日益增加。然而,区块链技术的孤立性和封闭性以及不同区块链之间的异构性造成了区块链的“价值孤岛”效应,这严重阻碍了区块链技术集成应用的广泛落地和良性发展。区块链跨链技术解决了不同区块链之间的数据流通、价值转移和业务协同等问题,也是提升区块链可扩展性和互操作性的重要技术手段。根据跨链技术的实现复杂性和功能丰富性程度,从三个方面分类总结了区块链跨链技术:一是基础的跨链机制,二是基于这些机制构建的跨链协议,三是提供了系统架构的跨链应用。最后,总结了跨链互操作中存在的问题,从而为区块链跨链技术的进一步研究提供了系统性理论参考。

关键词: 区块链, 互操作, 跨链机制, 跨链协议, 跨链应用

Abstract:

With the continuous development of the blockchain technology and its applications, the demand for interoperability among blockchains is increasing. However, the isolation and closeness of blockchain as well as the heterogeneity among different blockchains cause the "island of value" effect of blockchain, which seriously hinder the widespread implementation and sound development of blockchain based integrated applications. Cross-chain technology of blockchain solves the problems of data circulation, value transfer and business collaboration among different blockchains, and is also an important approach to improve the scalability and interoperability of blockchains. According to the degrees of the implementation complexity and the function richness of cross-chain technology, the cross-chain technology of blockchain was summarized and then classified into three types: the basic cross-chain mechanisms, the cross-chain protocols based on these mechanisms, and the cross-chain applications with system architectures. Finally, the existing problems in cross-chain interoperations were summed up, thereby providing systematical and theoretical reference for the further research on cross-chain technology of blockchain.

Key words: blockchain, interoperation, cross-chain mechanism, cross-chain protocol, cross-chain application

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