《计算机应用》唯一官方网站 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (10): 3297-3308.DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2022101471
• 前沿与综合应用 • 上一篇
收稿日期:
2022-10-08
修回日期:
2023-01-23
接受日期:
2023-02-03
发布日期:
2023-04-12
出版日期:
2023-10-10
通讯作者:
邱昌建
作者简介:
张军鹏(1975—),男,陕西韩城人,副教授,博士,主要研究方向:基于脑电(EEG)的认知障碍评估、脑电图个体识别、脑电图辅助精神障碍诊断基金资助:
Junpeng ZHANG1, Yujie SHI1, Rui JANG1, Jingjing DONG2, Changjian QIU3()
Received:
2022-10-08
Revised:
2023-01-23
Accepted:
2023-02-03
Online:
2023-04-12
Published:
2023-10-10
Contact:
Changjian QIU
About author:
ZHANG Junpeng, born in 1975, Ph. D., associate professor. His research interests include ElectroEncephaloGraphy (EEG) based cognitive impairment assessment, electroencephalogram based individual recognition, electroencephalogram assisted diagnosis of mental disorders.Supported by:
摘要:
认知功能障碍的早期检测和及时干预对减缓病情发展至关重要。脑电(EEG)信号具有时间分辨率高、易采集等优点,目前已成为研究认知疾病生物标志物的重要工具。相较于传统的生物标志物识别方法,机器学习方法对于基于EEG信号的认知功能障碍的识别分类的准确率更高,稳定性更好。对于近三年基于EEG信号的认知功能障碍识别分类的相关研究,首先,从认知功能障碍识别分类中常用的时域、频域、时频域结合、非线性动力学、功能连接和脑网络这五类EEG特征出发,寻找更具代表性的EEG特征;其次,总结目前使用较多的支持向量机(SVM)、线性判别分析(LDA)、K-近邻(KNN)和人工神经网络(ANN)等机器学习和深度学习分类方法和这些方法的性能;最后,分析各类研究中目前存在的问题,并展望此领域未来的研究方向,从而为后续基于EEG信号的认知功能障碍识别分类的研究提供参考。
中图分类号:
张军鹏, 施玉杰, 蒋睿, 董静静, 邱昌建. 基于脑电信号的认知功能障碍识别与分类进展综述[J]. 计算机应用, 2023, 43(10): 3297-3308.
Junpeng ZHANG, Yujie SHI, Rui JANG, Jingjing DONG, Changjian QIU. Review on advances in recognition and classification of cognitive impairment based on EEG signals[J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2023, 43(10): 3297-3308.
特征类型 | 实验 | 被试人数 | 分类算法 | 准确率/% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
区分AD和HC | 区分MCI和HC | ||||
时域 | ERP[ | HC:8,MCI:5 | 稀疏分类器 | — | 95.00 |
ERP[ | HC:15,MCI:16 | CNN | — | 99.77 | |
频域 | 静息态[ | HC:6,MCI:4,AD:4 | 深度玻尔兹曼机 | 95.04 | 95.04 |
静息态[ | HC:10,AD:14 | MLP、KNN、SVM、朴素贝叶斯、决策树 | 96.78 | — | |
静息态[ | 共118例,根据认知障碍 程度分为5组 | SVM、KNN | — | 88.00 | |
静息态[ | HC:17,AD:19 | 逻辑回归、决策树、SVM、集成分类器 | 95.60 | — | |
静息态[ | HC:63,MCI:63,AD:63 | CNN | 92.95 | 91.88 | |
ERP[ | HC:19,轻度AD:11, 重度AD:10 | LDA、Elman神经网络、CNN | 99.00 | — | |
静息态[ | HC:12,AD:22 | SVM | 91.18 | — | |
时频 | 静息态[ | HC:63,MCI:63,AD:63 | 自动编码器、MLP、逻辑回归、SVM | 95.76 | — |
静息态[ | HC:11,MCI:8, 中度AD:11,重度AD:8 | 决策树、SVM、ANN | 95.99 | 98.06 | |
静息态[ | HC:63,MCI:63,AD:63 | 自动编码器、MLP、逻辑回归、SVM | 96.95 | 96.24 | |
静息态[ | HC:36,MCI:35 | SVM | — | 80.00 | |
静息态[ | HC:11,MCI:11 | 决策树、KNN、SVM | — | 96.94 | |
静息态[ | HC:52,MCI:37,AD:52 | CNN | 99.30 | 98.30 | |
ERP[ | HC:28,MCI:7 | RNN | — | 91.93 | |
静息态[ | HC:16,MCI:37,AD:37 | CNN | 92.70 | 92.70 | |
非线性 | ERP[ | HC:5,MCI:10 | 逻辑回归、LDA、SVM、随机森林、前馈神经网络 | — | 80.00 |
静息态[ | HC:16,MCI:11 | ELM、SVM、KNN | — | 98.78 | |
脑网络和 功能连接 | 静息态[ | HC:15,AD:15 | SVM、决策树、KNN、朴素贝叶斯分类器 | 96.63 | — |
静息态[ | HC:120,AD:175 | SVM | 95.00 | — | |
静息态[ | HC:30,AD:30 | Takagi-Sugeno-Kang模糊模型 | 97.83 | — | |
静息态[ | HC:21,MCI:28 | KNN、朴素贝叶斯分类器、SVM、反向传播网络 | — | 90.20 | |
静息态[ | HC:20,AD:20 | SVM、KNN、朴素贝叶斯分类器、LDA | 92.50 | — | |
时域、频域 | ERP[ | HC:10,MCI:7 | SVM、逻辑回归、随机森林 | — | 87.90 |
静息态[ | HC:15,MCI:15 | SVM、KNN | — | 98.57 | |
ERP[ | HC:15,MCI:8 | SVM、逻辑回归 | — | 87.90 | |
静息态[ | HC:32,MCI:29 | 监督型字典学习 | — | 88.90 | |
时域、时频、 非线性 | 静息态[ | HC:35,轻度AD:31, 中度AD:20 | SVM、KNN、LDA | 97.64 | — |
频域、时频 | 静息态[ | HC:27,MCI:24 | SVM、LDA | — | 90.20 |
静息态[ | HC:20,AD:20 | KNN | 90.26 | — | |
频域、非线性 | 静息态[ | HC:37,MCI:37,AD:37 | LDA、二次判别分析、MLP | 76.47 | — |
频域、非线性、 功能连接 | 静息态[ | HC:27,MCI:24,AD:23 | SVM、LDA | 78.00 | 80.39 |
频域、时频、 非线性、 功能连接 | 静息态[ | HC:113,MCI:116, AD:72 | LDA、逻辑回归、朴素贝叶斯分类器、SVM、 最近邻分类器、随机森林、集成树 | 72.43 | 59.91 |
时频、 非线性 | 静息态[ | MCI:37,AD:37 | 决策树、朴素贝叶斯分类器、KNN、增强概率神经网络 | — | — |
静息态[ | HC:11,MCI:16,AD:8 | SVM、KNN、决策树、袋装树 | 94.44 | 92.30 | |
静息态[ | HC:17,MCI:9,AD:15 | SVM+神经网络 | 95.12 | 97.56 | |
非线性、 功能连接 | 静息态[ | HC:21,MCI:28 | ELM | — | 89.78 |
静息态[ | HC:16,AD:18 | SVM | 73.50 | — | |
静息态[ | HC:52,MCI:37,AD:52 | CNN | 98.13 | 98.13 |
表1 认知功能障碍识别分类相关文献的总结
Tab. 1 Summary of literature on classification and identification of cognitive impairment
特征类型 | 实验 | 被试人数 | 分类算法 | 准确率/% | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
区分AD和HC | 区分MCI和HC | ||||
时域 | ERP[ | HC:8,MCI:5 | 稀疏分类器 | — | 95.00 |
ERP[ | HC:15,MCI:16 | CNN | — | 99.77 | |
频域 | 静息态[ | HC:6,MCI:4,AD:4 | 深度玻尔兹曼机 | 95.04 | 95.04 |
静息态[ | HC:10,AD:14 | MLP、KNN、SVM、朴素贝叶斯、决策树 | 96.78 | — | |
静息态[ | 共118例,根据认知障碍 程度分为5组 | SVM、KNN | — | 88.00 | |
静息态[ | HC:17,AD:19 | 逻辑回归、决策树、SVM、集成分类器 | 95.60 | — | |
静息态[ | HC:63,MCI:63,AD:63 | CNN | 92.95 | 91.88 | |
ERP[ | HC:19,轻度AD:11, 重度AD:10 | LDA、Elman神经网络、CNN | 99.00 | — | |
静息态[ | HC:12,AD:22 | SVM | 91.18 | — | |
时频 | 静息态[ | HC:63,MCI:63,AD:63 | 自动编码器、MLP、逻辑回归、SVM | 95.76 | — |
静息态[ | HC:11,MCI:8, 中度AD:11,重度AD:8 | 决策树、SVM、ANN | 95.99 | 98.06 | |
静息态[ | HC:63,MCI:63,AD:63 | 自动编码器、MLP、逻辑回归、SVM | 96.95 | 96.24 | |
静息态[ | HC:36,MCI:35 | SVM | — | 80.00 | |
静息态[ | HC:11,MCI:11 | 决策树、KNN、SVM | — | 96.94 | |
静息态[ | HC:52,MCI:37,AD:52 | CNN | 99.30 | 98.30 | |
ERP[ | HC:28,MCI:7 | RNN | — | 91.93 | |
静息态[ | HC:16,MCI:37,AD:37 | CNN | 92.70 | 92.70 | |
非线性 | ERP[ | HC:5,MCI:10 | 逻辑回归、LDA、SVM、随机森林、前馈神经网络 | — | 80.00 |
静息态[ | HC:16,MCI:11 | ELM、SVM、KNN | — | 98.78 | |
脑网络和 功能连接 | 静息态[ | HC:15,AD:15 | SVM、决策树、KNN、朴素贝叶斯分类器 | 96.63 | — |
静息态[ | HC:120,AD:175 | SVM | 95.00 | — | |
静息态[ | HC:30,AD:30 | Takagi-Sugeno-Kang模糊模型 | 97.83 | — | |
静息态[ | HC:21,MCI:28 | KNN、朴素贝叶斯分类器、SVM、反向传播网络 | — | 90.20 | |
静息态[ | HC:20,AD:20 | SVM、KNN、朴素贝叶斯分类器、LDA | 92.50 | — | |
时域、频域 | ERP[ | HC:10,MCI:7 | SVM、逻辑回归、随机森林 | — | 87.90 |
静息态[ | HC:15,MCI:15 | SVM、KNN | — | 98.57 | |
ERP[ | HC:15,MCI:8 | SVM、逻辑回归 | — | 87.90 | |
静息态[ | HC:32,MCI:29 | 监督型字典学习 | — | 88.90 | |
时域、时频、 非线性 | 静息态[ | HC:35,轻度AD:31, 中度AD:20 | SVM、KNN、LDA | 97.64 | — |
频域、时频 | 静息态[ | HC:27,MCI:24 | SVM、LDA | — | 90.20 |
静息态[ | HC:20,AD:20 | KNN | 90.26 | — | |
频域、非线性 | 静息态[ | HC:37,MCI:37,AD:37 | LDA、二次判别分析、MLP | 76.47 | — |
频域、非线性、 功能连接 | 静息态[ | HC:27,MCI:24,AD:23 | SVM、LDA | 78.00 | 80.39 |
频域、时频、 非线性、 功能连接 | 静息态[ | HC:113,MCI:116, AD:72 | LDA、逻辑回归、朴素贝叶斯分类器、SVM、 最近邻分类器、随机森林、集成树 | 72.43 | 59.91 |
时频、 非线性 | 静息态[ | MCI:37,AD:37 | 决策树、朴素贝叶斯分类器、KNN、增强概率神经网络 | — | — |
静息态[ | HC:11,MCI:16,AD:8 | SVM、KNN、决策树、袋装树 | 94.44 | 92.30 | |
静息态[ | HC:17,MCI:9,AD:15 | SVM+神经网络 | 95.12 | 97.56 | |
非线性、 功能连接 | 静息态[ | HC:21,MCI:28 | ELM | — | 89.78 |
静息态[ | HC:16,AD:18 | SVM | 73.50 | — | |
静息态[ | HC:52,MCI:37,AD:52 | CNN | 98.13 | 98.13 |
来源 | 特征类型 | 特征值 | 核函数 | 平均准确率/% |
---|---|---|---|---|
文献[ | 频域、时频、非线性、功能连接 | 相对功率、小波变换特征、排列熵、样本熵、小波熵和LempelZiv复杂度等 | 线性核 | 60.48 |
文献[ | 非线性 | 多尺度熵 | 径向基核 | 80.00 |
文献[ | 非线性 | 自回归阶数和排列熵 | 线性核 | 97.41 |
文献[ | 功能连接 | 小世界参数 | 径向基核 | 95.00 |
文献[ | 非线性、功能连接 | 样本熵、相位滞后指数 | 线性核 | 73.50 |
文献[ | 频域 | 各频段的绝对功率和相对功率 | 径向基核 | 77.75 |
文献[ | 时频 | 各脑电子带的均值、标准差偏度和熵 | 线性核 | 76.13 |
文献[ | 时频 | 各脑电子带的功率谱 | 径向基核 | 62.50 |
文献[ | 脑网络 | 动态和跨频多重脑网络属性 | 径向基核 | 92.50 |
文献[ | 时域、频域 | Pa、P1、N1、P2等ERP成分的波峰和潜伏期、各频段的相对功率 | 径向基核 | 87.90 |
表2 使用SVM进行认知功能障碍识别分类的研究总结
Tab. 2 Summary of research on recognition and classification of cognitive impairment using SVM
来源 | 特征类型 | 特征值 | 核函数 | 平均准确率/% |
---|---|---|---|---|
文献[ | 频域、时频、非线性、功能连接 | 相对功率、小波变换特征、排列熵、样本熵、小波熵和LempelZiv复杂度等 | 线性核 | 60.48 |
文献[ | 非线性 | 多尺度熵 | 径向基核 | 80.00 |
文献[ | 非线性 | 自回归阶数和排列熵 | 线性核 | 97.41 |
文献[ | 功能连接 | 小世界参数 | 径向基核 | 95.00 |
文献[ | 非线性、功能连接 | 样本熵、相位滞后指数 | 线性核 | 73.50 |
文献[ | 频域 | 各频段的绝对功率和相对功率 | 径向基核 | 77.75 |
文献[ | 时频 | 各脑电子带的均值、标准差偏度和熵 | 线性核 | 76.13 |
文献[ | 时频 | 各脑电子带的功率谱 | 径向基核 | 62.50 |
文献[ | 脑网络 | 动态和跨频多重脑网络属性 | 径向基核 | 92.50 |
文献[ | 时域、频域 | Pa、P1、N1、P2等ERP成分的波峰和潜伏期、各频段的相对功率 | 径向基核 | 87.90 |
算法 | 准确率 | 精确率 | 召回率 | F1值 |
---|---|---|---|---|
SVM | 77.55 | 76.93 | 78.70 | 77.81 |
KNN | 76.69 | 77.21 | 75.74 | 76.47 |
LDA | 60.97 | 59.13 | 71.01 | 64.53 |
朴素贝叶斯分类 | 70.05 | 66.59 | 80.47 | 72.88 |
决策树 | 70.60 | 70.43 | 71.00 | 70.72 |
随机森林 | 78.48 | 77.00 | 81.07 | 78.98 |
表3 经典机器学习算法和随机森林算法的分类准确率 (%)
Tab. 3 Classification accuracies of classical machine learning algorithms and random forest algorithm
算法 | 准确率 | 精确率 | 召回率 | F1值 |
---|---|---|---|---|
SVM | 77.55 | 76.93 | 78.70 | 77.81 |
KNN | 76.69 | 77.21 | 75.74 | 76.47 |
LDA | 60.97 | 59.13 | 71.01 | 64.53 |
朴素贝叶斯分类 | 70.05 | 66.59 | 80.47 | 72.88 |
决策树 | 70.60 | 70.43 | 71.00 | 70.72 |
随机森林 | 78.48 | 77.00 | 81.07 | 78.98 |
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