《计算机应用》唯一官方网站 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (12): 3872-3880.DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2024121837

• 网络空间安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

区块链技术在碳排放交易系统中的应用综述

魏境烽1, 姚中原1, 马硕森1, 王超2, 郭尚坤2, 朱自强2, 斯雪明3   

  1. 1.中原工学院 网络空间安全学院,郑州 450007
    2.上海交通大学(无锡)区块链高等研究中心(上海交通大学),江苏 无锡,214000
    3.河南省区块链与数据共享国际联合实验室(中原工学院),郑州 450007
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-14 修回日期:2025-02-24 接受日期:2025-03-14 发布日期:2025-11-06 出版日期:2025-12-10
  • 通讯作者: 姚中原
  • 作者简介:魏境烽(1999—),男,河南驻马店人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:密码学、区块链
    姚中原(1988—),男,河南信阳人,讲师,博士,CCF会员,主要研究方向:密码学、区块链
    马硕森(2000—),男,河南郑州人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:密码学、区块链
    王超(1998—),男,河南林州人,硕士,CCF会员,主要研究方向:区块链
    郭尚坤(1998—),男,山东菏泽人,硕士,CCF会员,主要研究方向:区块链
    朱自强(1996—),男,河南信阳人,硕士,CCF会员,主要研究方向:区块链
    斯雪明(1966—),男,浙江诸暨人,教授,博士,CCF会员,主要研究方向:密码学、区块链。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“区块链”专项(2023YFB2703600);河南省科技重点项目(222102210168)

Review of blockchain technology applications in carbon emission trading system

Jingfeng WEI1, Zhongyuan YAO1, Shuosen MA1, Chao WANG2, Shangkun GUO2, Ziqiang ZHU2, Xueming SI3   

  1. 1.School of Cyberspace Security,Zhongyuan University of Technology,Zhengzhou Henan 450007,China
    2.Shanghai Jiao Tong University (Wuxi) Blockchain Advanced Research Center (Shanghai Jiao Tong University),Wuxi Jiangsu 214000,China
    3.Henan International Joint Laboratory of Blockchain and Data Sharing (Zhongyuan University of Technology),Zhengzhou Henan 450007,China
  • Received:2025-01-14 Revised:2025-02-24 Accepted:2025-03-14 Online:2025-11-06 Published:2025-12-10
  • Contact: Zhongyuan YAO
  • About author:WEI Jingfeng, born in 1999, M. S. candidate. His research interests include cryptology, blockchain.
    YAO Zhongyuan, born in 1988, Ph. D., lecturer. His research interests include cryptology, blockchain.
    MA Shuosen, born in 2000, M. S. candidate. His research interests include cryptology, blockchain.
    WANG Chao, born in 1998, M. S. His research interests include blockchain.
    GUO Shangkun, born in 1998, M. S. His research interests include blockchain.
    ZHU Ziqiang, born in 1996, M. S. His research interests include blockchain.
    SI Xueming, born in 1966, Ph. D., professor. His research interests include cryptology, blockchain.
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Program of China “Blockchain” Special Project(2023YFB2703600);Henan Provincial Science and Technology Key Project(222102210168)

摘要:

针对碳排放交易(CET)中的交易透明性不足、数据安全性较差和市场效率低等问题,对区块链技术在CET系统中的优化方法进行综述。首先,综述区块链技术在CET中的具体应用,包括关键技术和主要贡献;其次,深入分析碳排放管理和交易面临的挑战,如数据隐私保护和系统扩展性等问题,并探讨区块链技术的改进方法;再次,研究区块链与物联网(IoT)技术的集成应用,以实现碳排放数据的实时采集与安全存储;最后,探讨博弈论在CET策略制定中的应用,以及区块链技术在碳资产管理中的创新实践。研究表明,区块链技术能够显著提升CET系统的数据透明性和安全性,减少人为干预,降低交易成本,并提高市场效率。然而,当前系统仍面临性能、隐私保护和监管适配等挑战。综上,区块链技术在CET系统中的应用不仅有助于提高系统的透明度、安全性和效率,还为全球碳减排目标的实现提供了可靠的技术支撑。

关键词: 区块链, 碳排放交易系统, 数据安全性, 碳资产管理, 物联网, 智能合约

Abstract:

In response to the problems of insufficient transaction transparency, poor data security, and low market efficiency in Carbon Emission Trading (CET), optimization methods of blockchain technology in CET systems were reviewed. Firstly, the specific applications of blockchain technology in CET were summarized, including key technologies and main contributions. Secondly, an in-depth analysis of the challenges faced by carbon emission management and trading was conducted, such as data privacy protection and system scalability problems, and optimization methods of blockchain technology were explored. Thirdly, the integrated application of blockchain and Internet of Things (IoT) technologies was studied to achieve real-time collection and secure storage of carbon emission data. Finally, the application of game theory in the formulation of CET strategies and the innovative practices of blockchain technology in carbon asset management were discussed. The research results show that blockchain technology improves the data transparency and security of CET systems significantly, reduces human intervention, lowers transaction costs, and enhances market efficiency. However, challenges such as performance, privacy protection, and regulatory adaptation are still faced by the systems. In conclusion, the application of blockchain technology in CET systems not only improves the systems’ transparency, security, and efficiency, but also provides reliable technical support for achieving global carbon emission reduction goals.

Key words: blockchain, Carbon Emission Trading (CET) system, data security, carbon asset management, Internet of Things (IoT), smart contract

中图分类号: