关键词: 瓦当年代判别, 超图, 数据不平衡, 节点表征, 考古断代

Abstract: To address inefficiency and subjectivity of manual eaves tile dating methods, a Hypergraph-based Eaves Tile Dating method under Data Imbalance Conditions (HETD-DIC) was proposed to provide a more objective assistive tool for archaeological dating. Firstly, a dual-weight computation mechanism was designed. A hyperedge weight computation module was used to aggregate features of associated nodes to generate hyperedge weights. These hyperedge weights were then used to compute node weights, which helps mitigate the impact of imbalanced sample distribution. Then, a Hyperedge Node Relation Matrix (HNRM) was constructed to establish a feature encoding-decoding pipeline, aiming to enhance the representation capability of nodes. Finally, extensive experiments were conducted to evaluate different models, and UniGIN was selected as baseline classification model due to its superior performance. On a custom-built eaves tile dataset, with only 20% of training data, HETD-DIC achieves improvements of 4.67, 4.55, 4.67, and 5.09 percentage points over UniGIN in accuracy, weighted precision, weighted recall, and weighted F1-score, respectively. Results demonstrate that HETD-DIC effectively alleviates data imbalance problem and provides reliable automated decision support for archaeological dating.

Key words: eaves tile dating, hypergraph, data imbalance, node representation, archaeological dating.