《计算机应用》唯一官方网站 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (7): 2092-2100.DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2024070962

• CCF第39届中国计算机应用大会 (CCF NCCA 2024) • 上一篇    下一篇

基于HoneyBadgerBFT和DAG的异步网络区块链分片机制

陈宇轩1,2, 郑海彬2(), 关振宇1, 苏泊衡1,2, 王玉珏2, 郭振纬2   

  1. 1.北京航空航天大学 网络空间安全学院,北京 100191
    2.杭州创新研究院网络空间安全研究中心(北京航空航天大学),杭州 310051
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-09 修回日期:2024-09-18 接受日期:2024-09-26 发布日期:2025-07-10 出版日期:2025-07-10
  • 通讯作者: 郑海彬
  • 作者简介:陈宇轩(1993—),男,山西晋城人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:区块链分片、区块链共识
    郑海彬(1989—),女,山东聊城人,副研究员,博士,CCF会员,主要研究方向:密码学、区块链、隐私计算 zhenghaibin29@buaa.edu.cn
    关振宇(1984—),男,内蒙古赤峰人,教授,博士,CCF会员,主要研究方向:网络安全、密码学、身份认证、硬件安全、密码协议
    苏泊衡(1998—),男,湖南衡阳人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:区块链扩容、区块链链下计算
    王玉珏(1981—),男,安徽宿州人,副教授,博士,CCF会员,主要研究方向:密码学、区块链
    郭振纬(1993—),男,福建莆田人,副研究员,博士,CCF会员,主要研究方向:分布式优化、区块链、隐私计算、能源交易。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB2702901);国家自然科学基金资助项目(U21A20467);国家自然科学基金资助项目(U2241213);国家自然科学基金资助项目(62172025);国家自然科学基金资助项目(62303037);浙江省自然科学基金重点项目(LZ23F020012)

Blockchain sharding mechanism in asynchronous network based on HoneyBadgerBFT and DAG

Yuxuan CHEN1,2, Haibin ZHENG2(), Zhenyu GUAN1, Boheng SU1,2, Yujue WANG2, Zhenwei GUO2   

  1. 1.School of Cyber Science and Technology,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China
    2.Cyber Science and Technology Research Center (Hangzhou Innovation Institute of Beihang University),Hangzhou Zhejiang 310051,China
  • Received:2024-07-09 Revised:2024-09-18 Accepted:2024-09-26 Online:2025-07-10 Published:2025-07-10
  • Contact: Haibin ZHENG
  • About author:CHEN Yuxuan, born in 1993, M. S. candidate. His research interests include blockchain sharding, blockchain consensus.
    ZHENG Haibin, born in 1989, Ph. D., associate research fellow. Her research interests include cryptography, blockchain, privacy computing.
    GUAN Zhenyu, born in 1984, Ph. D., professor. His research interests include cybersecurity, cryptography, authentication, hardware security, cryptographic protocols.
    SU Boheng, born in 1998, M. S. candidate. His research interests include blockchain scaling, blockchain off-chain computation.
    WANG Yujue, born in 1981, Ph. D., associate professor. His research interests include cryptography, blockchain.
    GUO Zhenwei, born in 1993, Ph. D., associate research fellow. His research interests include distributed optimization, blockchain, privacy computing, energy trading.
  • Supported by:
    National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFB2702901);National Natural Science Foundation of China(U21A20467);Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation(LZ23F020012)

摘要:

针对区块链系统在扩展性方面存在的网络规模受限、网络环境强依赖、存储成本高以及交易吞吐量低下等问题,提出一种适应异步网络环境并且支持交易并行处理的分片机制。该机制采用HoneyBadgerBFT共识在异步网络环境下达成数据一致性,通过分片技术实现区块链系统的线性扩展,并通过DAG(Directed Acyclic Graph)技术进一步增强片内交易及不相交跨片交易的并行处理能力。仿真结果表明,所提机制在异步网络环境下仍能保持活性;在半同步网络环境中,所提机制的通信开销比使用拜占庭容错协议(PBFT)的SharPer降低超过49.9%;在由16个节点组成的区块链网络中,所提机制的TPS(Transactions-Per-Second)与SharPer相比少16.7%,而在64个节点组成的区块链网络中,所提机制的TPS比SharPer高6.7%,表明所提机制拥有比SharPer更高的吞吐量;在含有20%跨片交易且使用相同网络环境及硬件资源的条件下,所提机制的分片数及节点数每扩大1倍,该机制交易吞吐量增长比SharPer分别多30.0%和10.5%,表明所提机制拥有比SharPer更好的扩展性。

关键词: 区块链, 分片, 异步网络, HoneyBadgerBFT, DAG

Abstract:

To address the issues of limited network size, strong dependency on network environment, high storage cost, and low transaction throughput existing in the scalability of blockchain systems, a sharding mechanism adapted to asynchronous network environments and supporting parallel transaction processing was proposed. In this mechanism, HoneyBadgerBFT consensus was used to achieve data consistency in asynchronous networks, sharding technology was employed for linear scalability of blockchain system, and DAG (Directed Acyclic Graph) technology was adopted to further enhance capability for intra-shard and inter-shard parallel transaction processing. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed mechanism maintains liveness even in the asynchronous network environment; in the semi-synchronous network environment, the proposed mechanism reduces the communication overhead by more than 49.9% compared to SharPer using PBFT (Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance); in a blockchain network composed of 16 nodes, the proposed mechanism has the TPS (Transactions-Per-Second) decreased by 16.7% compared to SharPer, while in a 64-node blockchain network, the proposed mechanism has the TPS higher than SharPer by 6.7%, showing higher throughput of the proposed mechanism than SharPer; under the condition of 20% cross-shard transactions and using the same network environment and hardware resources, when the numbers of shards and nodes double, transaction throughput of the proposed mechanism grows 30.0% and 10.5% respectively more than that of SharPer, demonstrating better scalability of the proposed mechanism than SharPer.

Key words: blockchain, sharding, asynchronous network, HoneyBadgerBFT, DAG (Directed Acyclic Graph)

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