《计算机应用》唯一官方网站 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 809-820.DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2025030352

• 网络空间安全 • 上一篇    下一篇

车联网位置隐私保护的全景与未来

何丽丽1,2, 管新如1,2, 张磊1,2(), 蒋胜1,2, 蒋澄杰1,2   

  1. 1.佳木斯大学 信息电子技术学院,黑龙江 佳木斯 154007
    2.黑龙江省自主智能与信息处理重点实验室(佳木斯大学),黑龙江 佳木斯 154007
  • 收稿日期:2025-04-07 修回日期:2025-05-16 接受日期:2025-05-19 发布日期:2025-05-29 出版日期:2026-03-10
  • 通讯作者: 张磊
  • 作者简介:何丽丽(1979—),女,黑龙江佳木斯人,教授,博士,CCF会员,主要研究方向:隐私保护、信息安全
    管新如(2000—),女,黑龙江绥化人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:车联网、隐私保护
    蒋胜(1998—),男,湖南宁乡人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:群智感知、隐私保护
    蒋澄杰(1999—),女,辽宁东港人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:联邦学习、隐私保护。
  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省高等教育教学改革项目(SJGY20210873);黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费科研项目(18KYYWF0941);黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费优秀创新团队建设项目(2022-KYYWF-0654);黑龙江省省属本科高校优秀青年教师基础研究支持计划(YQJH2024239);黑龙江省自然科学基金联合基金培育项目(PL2024F002);佳木斯大学国家基金培育项目(JMSUGPZR2022-014);黑龙江省自主智能与信息处理重点实验室开放课题(ZZXC202302);佳木斯大学“东极”学术团队(DJXSTD202417)

Panorama and future of location privacy protection in internet of vehicles

Lili HE1,2, Xinru GUAN1,2, Lei ZHANG1,2(), Sheng JIANG1,2, Chengjie JIANG1,2   

  1. 1.School of Information and Electronic Technology,Jiamusi University,Jiamusi Heilongjiang 154007,China
    2.Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligence and Information Processing (Jiamusi University),Jiamusi Heilongjiang 154007,China
  • Received:2025-04-07 Revised:2025-05-16 Accepted:2025-05-19 Online:2025-05-29 Published:2026-03-10
  • Contact: Lei ZHANG
  • About author:HE Lili, born in 1979, Ph. D., professor. Her research interests include privacy protection, information security.
    GUAN Xinru, born in 2000, M. S. candidate. Her research interests include internet of vehicles, privacy protection.
    JIANG Sheng, born in 1998, M. S. candidate. His research interests include crowdsensing, privacy protection.
    JIANG Chengjie, born in 1999, M. S. candidate. Her research interests include federated learning, privacy protection.
  • Supported by:
    Higher Education Teaching Reform Project of Heilongjiang Province(SJGY20210873);Research Project of Basic Scientific Research Business Expenses for Provincial Higher Education Institutions in Heilongjiang Province(18KYYWF0941);Excellent Innovation Team Construction Project of Basic Scientific Research Business Expenses of Provincial Higher Education Institutions in Heilongjiang Province(2022-KYYWF-0654);Basic Research Support Program for Outstanding Young Teachers in Provincial Undergraduate Universities of Heilongjiang Province(YQJH2024239);Cultivation Project of Joint Fund of Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province(PL2024F002);National Foundation Cultivation Project of Jiamusi University(JMSUGPZR2022-014);Open Project of Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Autonomous Intelligence and Information Processing(ZZXC202302);“East Pole” Academic Team of Jiamusi University(DJXSTD202417)

摘要:

随着无线通信技术和高精度移动定位技术的发展,车联网(IoV)已深度融入人们的日常生活中。IoV在为人们带来便利的同时,也带来了隐私风险。通常,在IoV中,车辆行驶信息与其他车辆信息和基础设施信息进行实时交互。而在交互过程中,可能会产生敏感信息泄露等隐私问题。首先,对IoV的位置隐私架构和隐私风险进行介绍;其次,介绍差分隐私的动态分配噪声机制、多维度差分隐私轨迹保护及数据扰动技术;再次,对基于匿名化的空间泛化和K匿名以及加密机制的非对称加密、对称加密和同态加密进行介绍;最后,从差分隐私、匿名及加密机制的优缺点和局限性等方面加以分析与评价。

关键词: 车联网, 隐私保护, 位置隐私, 隐私预算, 差分隐私

Abstract:

With the development of wireless communication technology and high-precision mobile positioning technology, Internet of Vehicles (IoV) has become deeply embedded in everyday life. While IoV brings convenience to people, it also brings privacy risks. Typically, in IoV, vehicle driving information interacts with information of other vehicles and infrastructure in real time. During the interaction process, privacy issues such as the leakage of sensitive information may occur. Firstly, the location privacy architecture and privacy risks of IoV were introduced. Secondly, the dynamic noise allocation mechanism, multi-dimensional differential privacy trajectory protection and data perturbation technology in differential privacy were presented. Thirdly, the spatial generalization based on anonymization and the K-anonymity, as well as the asymmetric encryption, symmetric encryption, and homomorphic encryption of encryption mechanism were introduced. Finally, the advantages, disadvantages, limitations and other aspects of differential privacy, anonymity, and encryption mechanisms were analyzed and evaluated.

Key words: Internet of Vehicles (IoV), privacy protection, location privacy, privacy budget, differential privacy

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