《计算机应用》唯一官方网站 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (9): 2898-2909.DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2025080956
• 先进计算 • 上一篇
收稿日期:2025-08-19
修回日期:2025-11-30
接受日期:2025-12-05
发布日期:2026-02-12
出版日期:2026-09-10
通讯作者:
刘义
作者简介:陈冠良(1999—),男,广东广州人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:边缘计算基金资助:
Guanliang CHEN1, Yi LIU1(
), Yi YU2
Received:2025-08-19
Revised:2025-11-30
Accepted:2025-12-05
Online:2026-02-12
Published:2026-09-10
Contact:
Yi LIU
About author:CHEN Guanliang, born in 1999, M. S. candidate. His research interests include edge computing.Supported by:摘要:
随着物联网(IoT)的发展与移动终端设备的激增,计算密集型任务在实时处理与低能耗传输方面面临严峻挑战。尤其在多无人机(UAV)辅助的移动边缘计算(MEC)场景中,复杂三维环境中的通信链路受障碍物遮挡与UAV轨迹限制,进一步增大了时延与能耗压力。本文针对多UAV为地面用户提供计算卸载服务的场景,建立最小化系统最大任务完成时延与总能耗加权和的优化模型,以联合优化用户的离散卸载决策与UAV的连续三维轨迹。为了解决混合(离散-连续)动作空间与强决策耦合的问题,提出异构多智能体算法UOUM(User Offloading and UAV Mobility co-optimization)。该算法在异构多智能体深度强化学习框架下,为用户和UAV两类异构智能体设计专属网络架构;引入差分奖励机制量化智能体的边际贡献,以解决多智能体的信用分配问题;同时,将人工势能场(APF)作为可微物理约束融入智能体学习框架,以确保UAV在复杂环境中的安全避障。仿真实验结果表明,与3种基准方法(仅用户卸载优化(OUO)、仅UAV轨迹优化(OUT)以及仅采用全局奖励机制的标准异构多智能体强化学习(H-MARL))相比,UOUM在不同用户数、UAV数及障碍物密度场景下均展现出优势,UOUM的最终收敛奖励比H-MARL平均提升了28.6%,且在时延控制、能耗优化和安全避障方面均展现出强大的环境适应性。
中图分类号:
陈冠良, 刘义, 余意. 异构多智能体强化学习驱动的无人机三维避障与边缘计算协同优化[J]. 计算机应用, 2026, 46(9): 2898-2909.
Guanliang CHEN, Yi LIU, Yi YU. Heterogeneous multi-agent reinforcement learning enabled co-optimization of UAV 3D obstacle avoidance and edge computing[J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2026, 46(9): 2898-2909.
| 参数 | 数值 |
|---|---|
| 服务区域边界 | [-500,-500]m,[500,500]m |
| 无人机数 | 2,3,4 |
| 附加损耗 | 1.5 dB,10 dB |
| 噪声功率 | 10 dB |
| 光速c | |
| 发射功率 | |
| 带宽 | |
| 计算密度 | |
| 计算功率参数 | |
| 计算数据大小 | |
| 旋翼桨盘面积 | 0.503 |
| 空气密度 | 1.225 |
| 旋翼桨尖速度 | 62 |
| 静态不可跨越障碍安全距离阈值 | 40 m |
| 静态可跨越障碍水平安全距离阈值 | 10 m |
| UAV间安全距离阈值 | 30 m |
表1 实验参数
Tab. 1 Experimental parameters
| 参数 | 数值 |
|---|---|
| 服务区域边界 | [-500,-500]m,[500,500]m |
| 无人机数 | 2,3,4 |
| 附加损耗 | 1.5 dB,10 dB |
| 噪声功率 | 10 dB |
| 光速c | |
| 发射功率 | |
| 带宽 | |
| 计算密度 | |
| 计算功率参数 | |
| 计算数据大小 | |
| 旋翼桨盘面积 | 0.503 |
| 空气密度 | 1.225 |
| 旋翼桨尖速度 | 62 |
| 静态不可跨越障碍安全距离阈值 | 40 m |
| 静态可跨越障碍水平安全距离阈值 | 10 m |
| UAV间安全距离阈值 | 30 m |
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