《计算机应用》唯一官方网站 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (9): 2752-2760.DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2025080979
• 人工智能 • 上一篇
收稿日期:2025-08-25
修回日期:2025-10-17
接受日期:2025-10-20
发布日期:2026-09-16
出版日期:2026-09-10
通讯作者:
韩虎
作者简介:王伊璠(1999—),女,山西运城人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:自然语言处理、方面级情感分析基金资助:
Yifan WANG1, Hu HAN2(
), Dong LI2, Yating FAN2, Lin LI1
Received:2025-08-25
Revised:2025-10-17
Accepted:2025-10-20
Online:2026-09-16
Published:2026-09-10
Contact:
Hu HAN
About author:WANG Yifan, born in 1999, M. S. candidate. Her research interests include natural language processing, aspect-based sentiment analysis.Supported by:摘要:
方面级情感分析(ABSA)是自然语言处理中的重要研究任务,现有方法普遍采用单一类型节点建模句子中方面词与意见词的语义关联,难以有效区分不同类型节点对情感表达的差异性贡献。此外,现有的模型通常利用句法依赖解析器构建句法树进行语义分析,忽视了单词本身所蕴含的细粒度语义信息及文本中隐含的情感强度修饰关系。针对上述问题,提出一种基于异构增强与多源知识融合的图卷积网络(HMS-GCN)模型。首先,构建基于差异化约束的异构图网络,利用异构图中的多类型节点及其相应边关系,多维度捕捉句子的语义情感信息,并通过双通道注意力机制关注不同类型节点及节点内部的重要程度;其次,利用义原知识对初始文本特征进行语义增强,并在句法邻接矩阵的基础上融合层级短语的结构信息,从而提升模型对句法依存关系的理解能力;最后,融合异构图网络信息和知识增强特征进行情感分类预测。在公开数据集Twitter、Lap14、Rest15和Rest16上的实验结果表明,相较于ISSK-GCN(Integrating Syntax and Sentiment Knowledge Graph Convolutional Network)等模型,所提模型的准确率取得了最优结果,验证了差异化节点建模与知识增强策略的有效性。
中图分类号:
王伊璠, 韩虎, 李栋, 范雅婷, 李琳. 基于异构增强与多源知识融合的方面级情感分析[J]. 计算机应用, 2026, 46(9): 2752-2760.
Yifan WANG, Hu HAN, Dong LI, Yating FAN, Lin LI. Heterogeneous enhancement and multi-source knowledge fusion for aspect-based sentiment analysis[J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2026, 46(9): 2752-2760.
| 数据集 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 训练集 | 测试集 | 训练集 | 测试集 | 训练集 | 测试集 | |
| 1 561 | 173 | 3 127 | 346 | 1 560 | 173 | |
| Lap14 | 994 | 341 | 464 | 169 | 870 | 128 |
| Rest15 | 912 | 326 | 36 | 34 | 256 | 182 |
| Rest16 | 1 240 | 469 | 69 | 30 | 439 | 117 |
表1 数据集统计信息
Tab. 1 Dataset statistics
| 数据集 | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 训练集 | 测试集 | 训练集 | 测试集 | 训练集 | 测试集 | |
| 1 561 | 173 | 3 127 | 346 | 1 560 | 173 | |
| Lap14 | 994 | 341 | 464 | 169 | 870 | 128 |
| Rest15 | 912 | 326 | 36 | 34 | 256 | 182 |
| Rest16 | 1 240 | 469 | 69 | 30 | 439 | 117 |
| 类别 | 模型 | Lap14 | Rest15 | Rest16 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acc | M-F1 | Acc | M-F1 | Acc | M-F1 | Acc | M-F1 | ||
| 基于语法 | BERT | 75.28 | 74.11 | 77.58 | 72.38 | 81.32 | 88.01 | 66.32 | |
| ASGCN | 72.15 | 70.40 | 75.55 | 71.05 | 79.89 | 61.89 | 88.99 | 67.48 | |
| BERT4GCN | 74.73 | 73.76 | 77.49 | 73.01 | 83.23 | 67.27 | 87.78 | 75.34 | |
| AGCN | 75.43 | 74.11 | 79.94 | 76.52 | 82.84 | 65.08 | 88.80 | 67.65 | |
| DA-GCN | 75.43 | 73.67 | 78.82 | 75.28 | 82.97 | 64.56 | 89.69 | 71.86 | |
| AEFN | 77.55 | 78.31 | — | — | — | — | |||
| 基于知识 | SK-GCN | 75.00 | 73.01 | 79.00 | 75.57 | 83.20 | 66.78 | 87.19 | 72.02 |
| EK-GCN | 75.89 | 75.16 | 81.30 | — | — | 89.36 | 69.32 | ||
| IA-HiNET | 75.88 | 75.36 | 79.45 | 76.57 | — | — | — | — | |
| MSKFSA | 75.00 | 74.03 | 77.90 | 74.14 | 81.55 | 67.47 | 90.10 | 71.99 | |
| TCKGCN | 77.39 | 76.30 | 81.39 | 79.80 | 69.53 | 76.71 | |||
| 基于多图 | TextGT | 76.45 | 81.33 | 78.71 | 84.19 | 69.73 | 91.07 | 77.29 | |
| ASHGAT | — | — | 79.98 | 76.58 | 83.57 | 71.15 | 90.75 | ||
| ISSK-GCN | 77.14 | 74.96 | 80.23 | 75.49 | 83.14 | 67.08 | 90.12 | 73.24 | |
| HMS-GCN | 78.32 | 77.12 | 81.56 | 77.89 | 84.69 | 67.74 | 92.53 | 79.20 | |
表2 不同模型的对比实验结果 (%)
Tab. 2 Comparison experimental results of different models
| 类别 | 模型 | Lap14 | Rest15 | Rest16 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acc | M-F1 | Acc | M-F1 | Acc | M-F1 | Acc | M-F1 | ||
| 基于语法 | BERT | 75.28 | 74.11 | 77.58 | 72.38 | 81.32 | 88.01 | 66.32 | |
| ASGCN | 72.15 | 70.40 | 75.55 | 71.05 | 79.89 | 61.89 | 88.99 | 67.48 | |
| BERT4GCN | 74.73 | 73.76 | 77.49 | 73.01 | 83.23 | 67.27 | 87.78 | 75.34 | |
| AGCN | 75.43 | 74.11 | 79.94 | 76.52 | 82.84 | 65.08 | 88.80 | 67.65 | |
| DA-GCN | 75.43 | 73.67 | 78.82 | 75.28 | 82.97 | 64.56 | 89.69 | 71.86 | |
| AEFN | 77.55 | 78.31 | — | — | — | — | |||
| 基于知识 | SK-GCN | 75.00 | 73.01 | 79.00 | 75.57 | 83.20 | 66.78 | 87.19 | 72.02 |
| EK-GCN | 75.89 | 75.16 | 81.30 | — | — | 89.36 | 69.32 | ||
| IA-HiNET | 75.88 | 75.36 | 79.45 | 76.57 | — | — | — | — | |
| MSKFSA | 75.00 | 74.03 | 77.90 | 74.14 | 81.55 | 67.47 | 90.10 | 71.99 | |
| TCKGCN | 77.39 | 76.30 | 81.39 | 79.80 | 69.53 | 76.71 | |||
| 基于多图 | TextGT | 76.45 | 81.33 | 78.71 | 84.19 | 69.73 | 91.07 | 77.29 | |
| ASHGAT | — | — | 79.98 | 76.58 | 83.57 | 71.15 | 90.75 | ||
| ISSK-GCN | 77.14 | 74.96 | 80.23 | 75.49 | 83.14 | 67.08 | 90.12 | 73.24 | |
| HMS-GCN | 78.32 | 77.12 | 81.56 | 77.89 | 84.69 | 67.74 | 92.53 | 79.20 | |
| 模型 | Lap14 | Rest15 | Rest16 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acc | M-F1 | Acc | M-F1 | Acc | M-F1 | Acc | M-F1 | |
| HMS-GCN | 78.32 | 77.12 | 81.56 | 77.89 | 84.69 | 67.74 | 92.53 | 79.20 |
| w/o Dual-Att | 77.93 | 76.36 | 80.97 | 76.97 | 84.05 | 67.21 | 92.03 | 78.69 |
| w/o T-Att | 78.07 | 76.45 | 81.23 | 77.09 | 84.17 | 67.52 | 92.07 | 78.83 |
| w/o N-Att | 78.04 | 76.61 | 81.16 | 77.33 | 84.18 | 67.49 | 92.12 | 78.80 |
| w/o sememe | 76.98 | 75.38 | 80.29 | 76.54 | 84.32 | 66.52 | 91.26 | 78.43 |
表3 消融实验结果 (%)
Tab. 3 Results of ablation experiments
| 模型 | Lap14 | Rest15 | Rest16 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Acc | M-F1 | Acc | M-F1 | Acc | M-F1 | Acc | M-F1 | |
| HMS-GCN | 78.32 | 77.12 | 81.56 | 77.89 | 84.69 | 67.74 | 92.53 | 79.20 |
| w/o Dual-Att | 77.93 | 76.36 | 80.97 | 76.97 | 84.05 | 67.21 | 92.03 | 78.69 |
| w/o T-Att | 78.07 | 76.45 | 81.23 | 77.09 | 84.17 | 67.52 | 92.07 | 78.83 |
| w/o N-Att | 78.04 | 76.61 | 81.16 | 77.33 | 84.18 | 67.49 | 92.12 | 78.80 |
| w/o sememe | 76.98 | 75.38 | 80.29 | 76.54 | 84.32 | 66.52 | 91.26 | 78.43 |
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