基于中国剩余定理的区块链存储扩展模型

doi:10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2020081256

计算机应用 ›› 2021, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (7): 1977-1982.DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2020081256

所属专题：网络空间安全

基于中国剩余定理的区块链存储扩展模型

卿欣艺^1,2, 陈玉玲^1,2, 周正强^1,2, 涂园超^1,2, 李涛^1,2

1. 贵州大学计算机科学与技术学院, 贵州 550025;
2. 省部共建公共大数据国家重点实验室(筹)(贵州大学), 贵州 550025

收稿日期:2020-08-18 修回日期:2020-09-29 出版日期:2021-07-10 发布日期:2020-11-25
通讯作者: 陈玉玲
作者简介:卿欣艺(1996-),男,湖南邵阳人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:区块链、密码学与信息安全;陈玉玲(1983-),女,山东潍坊人,副教授,博士研究生,主要研究方向:密码学与信息安全、区块链、物联网安全;周正强(1995-),男,贵州遵义人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:密码学与信息安全、区块链;涂园超(1994-),男,湖北黄冈人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:区块链;李涛(1978-),男,山东临沂人,讲师,博士研究生,主要研究方向:密码学与信息安全、区块链
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目（61962009）；贵州省科技重大专项计划项目（20183001）；贵州省公共大数据重点实验室开放课题（2018BDKFJJ013）。

Blockchain storage expansion model based on Chinese remainder theorem

QING Xinyi^1,2, CHEN Yuling^1,2, ZHOU Zhengqiang^1,2, TU Yuanchao^1,2, LI Tao^1,2

1. College of Computer Science and Technology, Guizhou University, Guiyang Guizhou 550025, China;
2. State Key Laboratory of Public Big Data(Guizhou University), Guiyang Guizhou 550025, China

Received:2020-08-18 Revised:2020-09-29 Online:2021-07-10 Published:2020-11-25
Supported by:
This work is partially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (61962009), the Major Program of Scientific and Technological Special Planning of Guizhou Province (20183001), the Open Program of Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Public Big Data (2018BDKFJJ013).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 区块链以分布式账本的形式存储交易数据，其节点通过存储哈希链来持有当前数据的副本。由于区块链链式结构的特殊性，区块的数量会随着时间推移不断增加，节点承受的存储压力也随之增大，因此存储扩展性成为区块链发展的瓶颈之一。针对该问题，提出了一种基于中国剩余定理（CRT）的区块链存储扩展模型。模型将区块链分为高安全性区块和低安全性区块，并对它们采取不同的存储策略。其中，低安全性区块以全网保存（所有节点都需保存）的形式进行存储，高安全性区块被基于CRT的分割算法分片后以分布式的形式进行存储。此外，利用冗余余数系统（RRNS）的错误检测与纠正来防止恶意节点攻击，进而提高数据稳定性和完整性。实验结果与安全性分析表明，所提模型在具有安全性、容错性的同时保障了数据的完整性，还能有效地减少节点的存储消耗，增强区块链系统的存储扩展性。

关键词: 区块链, 存储扩展性, 中国剩余定理, 分布式存储, 冗余余数系统, 数据完整性

Abstract: Blockchain stores transaction data in the form of distributed ledger, and its nodes hold copies of current data by storing hash chain. Due to the particularity of the blockchain structure, the number of blocks increases over time and the storage pressure of nodes also increases with the increasing of blocks, so that the storage scalability has become one of the bottlenecks in blockchain development. To address this problem, a blockchain storage expansion model based on Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT) was proposed. In the model, the blockchain was divided into high-security blocks and low-security blocks, which were stored by different storage strategies. Among them, low-security blocks were stored in the form of network-wide preservation (all nodes need to preserve the data), while the high-security blocks were stored in a distributed form after being sliced by the CRT-based partitioning algorithm. In addition, the error detection and correction of Redundant Residual Number System (RRNS) was used to restore data to prevent malicious node attacking, so as to improve the stability and integrity of data. Experimental results and security analysis show that the proposed model not only has security and fault tolerance ability, but also ensures the integrity of data, as well as effectively reduces the storage consumption of nodes and increases the storage scalability of the blockchain system.

Key words: blockchain, storage scalability, Chinese Remainder Theorem (CRT), distributed storage, Redundant Residual Number System (RNNS), data integrity

中图分类号:

TP309

卿欣艺, 陈玉玲, 周正强, 涂园超, 李涛. 基于中国剩余定理的区块链存储扩展模型[J]. 计算机应用, 2021, 41(7): 1977-1982.

QING Xinyi, CHEN Yuling, ZHOU Zhengqiang, TU Yuanchao, LI Tao. Blockchain storage expansion model based on Chinese remainder theorem[J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2021, 41(7): 1977-1982.

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基于中国剩余定理的区块链存储扩展模型

Blockchain storage expansion model based on Chinese remainder theorem

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