《计算机应用》唯一官方网站 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (10): 3076-3082.DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2025091126

• 人工智能 • 上一篇    

基于全局图数据增强的对比学习图卷积推荐系统

陈龙1(), 侯新民1,2   

  1. 1.中国科学技术大学 人工智能与数据科学学院,合肥 230026
    2.合肥国家实验室,合肥 230088
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-25 修回日期:2025-11-16 接受日期:2025-11-20 发布日期:2025-12-22 出版日期:2026-10-10
  • 通讯作者: 陈龙
  • 作者简介:侯新民(1972—),男,山东郓城人,教授,博士,主要研究方向:图论及其应用、复杂网络、图神经网络。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFA1010203);国家自然科学基金资助项目(12471336)

Graph convolutional recommender system integrating contrastive learning and global graph data augmentation

Long CHEN1(), Xinmin HOU1,2   

  1. 1.School of Artificial Intelligence and Data Science,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei Anhui 230026,China
    2.Hefei Laboratory,Hefei Anhui 230088,China
  • Received:2025-09-25 Revised:2025-11-16 Accepted:2025-11-20 Online:2025-12-22 Published:2026-10-10
  • Contact: Long CHEN
  • About author:HOU Xinmin, born in 1972, Ph. D., professor. His research interests include graph theory and its applications, complex network, graph neural network.
  • Supported by:
    This work is partially supported by National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFA1010203);National Natural Science Foundation of China(12471336)

摘要:

随着信息量的迅速增长,推荐系统在改善用户体验和解决信息过载方面发挥了重要作用。然而,传统推荐方法在数据稀疏性、冷启动问题和模型可解释性方面仍存在局限。为了解决这些问题,提出一种基于全局图数据增强的图对比学习卷积神经网络推荐系统GACL-Rec(Global Augmented Contrastive Learning for Recommendation)。首先,在节点、边和特征层面进行全局增强,以提升模型在稀疏数据下的鲁棒性;其次,设计多粒度图对比学习框架,通过节点级、子图级和全图级的对比学习任务,增强嵌入表示的一致性与判别性。在MovieLens-1M、Amazon-Books等多个公开数据集上的实验结果表明,所提推荐系统在推荐精度、鲁棒性和冷启动场景中的表现优于矩阵分解(MF)与LightGCN等传统模型,在稀疏数据集上的表现尤为突出。此外,通过参数敏感性分析和消融实验结果验证了全局增强和多粒度对比学习机制的有效性。可见,所提模型在解决推荐系统中的典型问题(如数据稀疏和冷启动问题)时具有显著优势。

关键词: 推荐系统, 图神经网络, 数据增强, 对比学习, 冷启动问题

Abstract:

With the rapid growth of information, recommender systems have played a crucial role in improving user experience and solving information overload. However, the traditional recommendation methods still face limitations in addressing data sparsity, cold-start problems, and model interpretability. To tackle these challenges, a graph contrastive learning convolutional neural network recommender system based on global graph data augmentation, called GACL-Rec (Global Augmented Contrastive Learning for Recommendation), was proposed. First, global augmentation was performed at the node, edge, and feature levels to enhance the model’s robustness under sparse data conditions. Second, a multi-granularity graph contrastive learning framework was designed, in which the consistency and discriminability of the embeddings were strengthened through contrastive learning tasks at the node, subgraph, and graph levels. Experimental results on several public datasets, including MovieLens-1M and Amazon-Books, demonstrate that the proposed recommender system outperforms the traditional models such as Matrix Factorization (MF) and LightGCN in terms of recommendation accuracy, robustness, and performance in cold-start scenarios, particularly achieving superior results on sparse datasets. Furthermore, parameter sensitivity analyses and ablation study results verify the effectiveness of the global augmentation strategy and the multi-granularity contrastive learning mechanism. It can be seen that the proposed model has significant advantages in addressing key challenges in recommender systems, such as data sparsity and cold-start problems.

Key words: recommender system, Graph Neural Network (GNN), data augmentation, contrastive learning, cold-start problem

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