关键词: 区块链, 门罗币, 数字货币, 追踪技术, 匿名技术, 文献综述, 环签名

Abstract:

Virtual digital currency provides a breeding ground for terrorist financing， money laundering， drug trafficking and other criminal activities. As a representative emerging digital currency， Monero has a universally acknowledged high anonymity. Aiming at the problem of using Monroe anonymity to commit crimes， Monero anonymity technology and tracking technology were explored as well as the research progresses were reviewed in recent years， so as to provide technical supports for effectively tackling the crimes based on blockchain technology. In specific， the evolution of Monero anonymity technology was summarized， and the tracking strategies of Monero anonymity technology in academic circles were sorted out. Firstly， in the anonymity technologies， ring signature， guaranteed unlinkability （one-off public key）， guaranteed untraceability， and the important version upgrading for improving anonymity were introduced. Then， in tracking technologies， the attacks such as zero mixin attack， output merging attack， guess-newest attack， closed set attack， transaction flooding attack， tracing attacks from remote nodes and Monero ring attack were introduced. Finally， based on the analysis of anonymity technologies and tracking strategies， four conclusions were obtained： the development of anonymity technology and the development of tracking technology of Monero promote each other； the application of Ring Confidential Transactions （RingCT） is a two-edged sword， which makes the passive attack methods based on currency value ineffective， and also makes the active attack methods easier to succeed； output merging attack and zero mixin attack complement each other； Monero’s system security chain still needs to be sorted out.

Key words: blockchain, Monero, digital currency, tracking technology, anonymity technology, literature review, ring signature