《计算机应用》唯一官方网站 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (9): 2855-2867.DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2022081189

• 先进计算 • 上一篇    下一篇

面向异构多背包问题的多级二进制帝国竞争算法

李斌1,2(), 唐志斌3   

  1. 1.福建理工大学 机械与汽车工程学院, 福州 350118
    2.福建省大数据挖掘与应用技术重点实验室(福建理工大学), 福州 350118
    3.福建理工大学 交通运输学院, 福州 350118
  • 收稿日期:2022-08-15 修回日期:2022-10-31 接受日期:2022-11-25 发布日期:2023-01-11 出版日期:2023-09-10
  • 通讯作者: 李斌
  • 作者简介:唐志斌(1998—),男,江西抚州人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:智能交通系统、群集智能。
  • 基金资助:
    教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金资助项目(19YJA630031)

Multiple level binary imperialist competitive algorithm for solving heterogeneous multiple knapsack problem

Bin LI1,2(), Zhibin TANG3   

  1. 1.School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering,Fujian University of Technology,Fuzhou Fujian 350118,China
    2.Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Big Data Mining and Applications (Fujian University of Technology),Fuzhou Fujian 350118,China
    3.School of Transportation,Fujian University of Technology,Fuzhou Fujian 350118,China
  • Received:2022-08-15 Revised:2022-10-31 Accepted:2022-11-25 Online:2023-01-11 Published:2023-09-10
  • Contact: Bin LI
  • About author:TANG Zhibin, born in 1998, M. S. candidate. His research interests include intelligent transportation system, swarm intelligence.
  • Supported by:
    Research Programming Foundation of Humanities and Social Sciences of Ministry of Education(19YJA630031)

摘要:

在传统多背包问题的基础上,从典型物流服务场景中共性抽象出异构多背包问题(HMKP),并设计和定制了一种帝国竞争算法(ICA)对HMKP进行求解和评估。针对原始ICA易陷入局部最优以及0-1背包问题最优解往往在约束边界周围的特点,设计了双点自变异策略(TPAS)和跳出局部最优算法(JLOA)对ICA进行改进,提出面向0-1背包问题的二进制帝国竞争算法(BICA)。BICA在求解35个0-1背包问题算例时展现出了全面、高效的寻优能力,基于最佳匹配值法(BMV)的BICA在第一组测试集的20个算例上能对19个算例100%找到理想最优值,在第二组测试集的15个算例上能对12个算例100%找到理想最优值,在所有对比算法中表现最优。数值结果分析表明,BICA在寻优演化中维持多极发展策略,并依托独特的种群进化方式在解空间中高效搜索理想解。在此基础上,针对HMKP强约束性和高复杂度的特性,基于BICA设计了求解HMKP的多级二进制帝国竞争算法(MLB-ICA)。分别在多个典型0-1背包问题算例组合构建的HMKP高维测试集上进行了MLB-ICA的数值实验和性能评估,结果表明虽然MLB-ICA的求解时间比Gurobi长,但求解精度提高了28%。可见,MLB-ICA能以较低的计算代价在可接受的时间范围内高效求解高维复杂的HMKP,为ICA在超大规模组合优化问题中的求解提出了可行的算法设计方案。

关键词: 0-1背包问题, 异构多背包问题, 帝国竞争算法, 局部搜索策略, 跳出局部最优机制, 多级计算架构

Abstract:

On the basis of the classical multiple knapsack problem, the Heterogeneous Multiple Knapsack Problem (HMKP) was proposed, which was abstracted from the commonalities of typical logistics service scenarios. And, an Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA) was designed and customized to solve HMKP. As the origin ICA is easy to fall into the local optimum and the optimal solution of the 0-1 knapsack problem is usually near the constraint boundary, Two-Point Automutation Strategy (TPAS) and Jump out of Local Optimum Algorithm (JLOA) were designed to improve ICA, and a Binary Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (BICA) for 0-1 knapsack problem was presented. BICA showed comprehensive and efficient optimization ability in solving 35 numerical examples of 0-1 knapsack problem. BICA based on Best-Matched Value (BMV) was able to find the ideal optimal solutions of 19 out of 20 examples with 100% success rate in the first test set, and the ideal optimal solutions of 12 out of 15 examples were found by the above algorithm with 100% success rate in the second test set, achieving the best performance of all the comparison algorithms. The numerical analysis results show that BICA maintains the multipolar development strategy in the optimization evolution and relies on the unique population evolution method to search the ideal solution in the solution space efficiently. Subsequently, aiming at the strong constraint and high complexity of HMKP, a Multiple Level Binary Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (MLB-ICA) for solving HMKP was put forward based on BICA. Finally, the numerical experiments and performance evaluation of MLB-ICA were carried out on a high dimensional HMKP test set constructed by combining multiple typical numerical examples of 0-1 knapsack problems. The results showed that the solving time of MLB-ICA is longer than that of Gurobi solver, but the solving accuracy of MLB-ICA is 28% higher than that of Gurobi solver. It can be seen that MLB-ICA can solve high-dimensional complicated HMKP efficiently with low computational cost within acceptable time, and provides a feasible algorithm design scheme for ICA to solve super-large scale combinatorial optimization problems.

Key words: 0-1 knapsack problem, Heterogeneous Multiple Knapsack Problem (HMKP), Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA), local search strategy, Jump out of Local Optimum Algorithm (JLOA), multiple level computing architecture

中图分类号: