《计算机应用》唯一官方网站 ›› 2025, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (1): 127-135.DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2024010068
收稿日期:
2024-01-19
修回日期:
2024-04-05
接受日期:
2024-04-07
发布日期:
2024-05-09
出版日期:
2025-01-10
通讯作者:
钱星颖
作者简介:
晏燕(1980—),女,甘肃兰州人,教授,博士,CCF高级会员,主要研究方向:隐私保护、信息安全;基金资助:
Yan YAN, Xingying QIAN(), Pengbin YAN, Jie YANG
Received:
2024-01-19
Revised:
2024-04-05
Accepted:
2024-04-07
Online:
2024-05-09
Published:
2025-01-10
Contact:
Xingying QIAN
About author:
YAN Yan, born in 1980, Ph. D., professor. Her research interests include privacy protection, information security.Supported by:
摘要:
针对分布式位置大数据收集导致的信息孤岛问题和位置隐私泄露面临的风险,提出一种基于联邦学习的位置大数据统计预测与隐私保护方法。首先,构建基于横向联邦学习的位置大数据统计预测发布框架,该框架允许各行政区域的数据收集者保留各自的原始数据,并使多个参与方通过交换训练参数来协同完成预测模型的训练任务;其次,针对具有时空序列特性的位置大数据密度统计预测问题,设计PVTv2-CBAM,以提高客户端预测结果的准确性;最后,提出一种差分隐私预算的动态分配和调整算法,并结合MMA (Modified Moments Accountant)机制实现对客户端模型的差分隐私保护。实验结果表明,相较于卷积神经网络(CNN)、长短期记忆(LSTM)网络、卷积LSTM(ConvLSTM)模型,PVTv2-CBAM在Yellow_tripdata数据集和T-Driver轨迹数据集上预测的平均绝对误差分别降低0~62%和39%~44%;所提差分隐私预算动态分配和调整算法在调整阈值为0.3和0.7时,使模型预测的准确率与无动态调整相比分别提高了约5%与6%。以上结果验证了所提方法的可行性和有效性。
中图分类号:
晏燕, 钱星颖, 闫鹏斌, 杨杰. 位置大数据的联邦学习统计预测与差分隐私保护方法[J]. 计算机应用, 2025, 45(1): 127-135.
Yan YAN, Xingying QIAN, Pengbin YAN, Jie YANG. Federated learning-based statistical prediction and differential privacy protection method for location big data[J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2025, 45(1): 127-135.
模型 | 浮点运算量/FLOPs | 参数量/106 |
---|---|---|
CNN | 15.50 | 0.174 |
LSTM | 13.46 | 0.166 |
ConvLSTM | 16.16 | 0.196 |
PVTv2 | 19.72 | 0.159 |
PVTv2-CBAM | 19.90 | 0.163 |
表1 不同模型的计算量和参数量
Tab. 1 Computational volumes efficiency and parameter sizes of different models
模型 | 浮点运算量/FLOPs | 参数量/106 |
---|---|---|
CNN | 15.50 | 0.174 |
LSTM | 13.46 | 0.166 |
ConvLSTM | 16.16 | 0.196 |
PVTv2 | 19.72 | 0.159 |
PVTv2-CBAM | 19.90 | 0.163 |
模型 | MAE | RMSE | H(P,Q) |
---|---|---|---|
CNN | 0.060±0.059 | 0.133±0.068 | 0.084±0.002 |
LSTM | 0.119±0.050 | 0.123±0.060 | 0.123±0.005 |
ConvLSTM | 0.159±0.088 | 0.185±0.045 | 0.119±0.010 |
PVTv2 | 0.097±0.083 | 0.127±0.073 | 0.051±0.013 |
PVTv2-CBAM | 0.060±0.007 | 0.093±0.019 | 0.053±0.005 |
表2 不同模型在Yellow_tripdata数据集上的准确性评价指标
Tab. 2 Evaluation metrics of accuracy of different models on Yellow_tripdata dataset
模型 | MAE | RMSE | H(P,Q) |
---|---|---|---|
CNN | 0.060±0.059 | 0.133±0.068 | 0.084±0.002 |
LSTM | 0.119±0.050 | 0.123±0.060 | 0.123±0.005 |
ConvLSTM | 0.159±0.088 | 0.185±0.045 | 0.119±0.010 |
PVTv2 | 0.097±0.083 | 0.127±0.073 | 0.051±0.013 |
PVTv2-CBAM | 0.060±0.007 | 0.093±0.019 | 0.053±0.005 |
模型 | MAE | RMSE | H(P,Q) |
---|---|---|---|
CNN | 0.071±0.010 | 0.086±0.035 | 0.065±0.010 |
LSTM | 0.075±0.040 | 0.060±0.039 | 0.023±0.013 |
ConvLSTM | 0.069±0.011 | 0.043±0.002 | 0.084±0.010 |
PVTv2 | 0.041±0.021 | 0.045±0.011 | 0.038±0.014 |
PVTv2-CBAM | 0.042±0.029 | 0.034±0.017 | 0.033±0.011 |
表3 不同模型在T-Driver数据集上的准确性评价指标
Tab. 3 Evaluation metrics of accuracy of different models on T-Driver dataset
模型 | MAE | RMSE | H(P,Q) |
---|---|---|---|
CNN | 0.071±0.010 | 0.086±0.035 | 0.065±0.010 |
LSTM | 0.075±0.040 | 0.060±0.039 | 0.023±0.013 |
ConvLSTM | 0.069±0.011 | 0.043±0.002 | 0.084±0.010 |
PVTv2 | 0.041±0.021 | 0.045±0.011 | 0.038±0.014 |
PVTv2-CBAM | 0.042±0.029 | 0.034±0.017 | 0.033±0.011 |
PVTv2 (基准) | CBAM | 差分隐私 | Yellow_tripdata | T-Driver | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MAE | RMSE | H(P,Q) | MAE | RMSE | H(P,Q) | |||
✓ | 0.097±0.083 | 0.127±0.073 | 0.051±0.013 | 0.041±0.021 | 0.045±0.011 | 0.038±0.014 | ||
✓ | ✓ | 0.060±0.007 | 0.093±0.019 | 0.053±0.005 | 0.042±0.029 | 0.034±0.017 | 0.033±0.011 | |
✓ | ✓ | 0.094±0.007 | 0.137±0.051 | 0.089±0.021 | 0.039±0.014 | 0.051±0.016 | 0.038±0.018 | |
✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 0.054±0.015 | 0.089±0.030 | 0.058±0.012 | 0.042±0.003 | 0.037±0.021 | 0.034±0.011 |
表4 消融实验结果
Tab. 4 Results of ablation experiments
PVTv2 (基准) | CBAM | 差分隐私 | Yellow_tripdata | T-Driver | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MAE | RMSE | H(P,Q) | MAE | RMSE | H(P,Q) | |||
✓ | 0.097±0.083 | 0.127±0.073 | 0.051±0.013 | 0.041±0.021 | 0.045±0.011 | 0.038±0.014 | ||
✓ | ✓ | 0.060±0.007 | 0.093±0.019 | 0.053±0.005 | 0.042±0.029 | 0.034±0.017 | 0.033±0.011 | |
✓ | ✓ | 0.094±0.007 | 0.137±0.051 | 0.089±0.021 | 0.039±0.014 | 0.051±0.016 | 0.038±0.018 | |
✓ | ✓ | ✓ | 0.054±0.015 | 0.089±0.030 | 0.058±0.012 | 0.042±0.003 | 0.037±0.021 | 0.034±0.011 |
Yellow_tripdata | T-Driver | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MAE | RMSE | H(P,Q) | MAE | RMSE | H(P,Q) | |
0.5 | 0.031 | 0.045 | 0.022 | 0.027 | 0.041 | 0.038 |
1.0 | 0.024 | 0.046 | 0.021 | 0.026 | 0.037 | 0.039 |
2.0 | 0.017 | 0.040 | 0.018 | 0.024 | 0.039 | 0.036 |
4.0 | 0.016 | 0.038 | 0.019 | 0.025 | 0.042 | 0.034 |
表5 不同隐私预算下的预测指标
Tab. 5 Prediction metrics with different privacy budgets
Yellow_tripdata | T-Driver | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
MAE | RMSE | H(P,Q) | MAE | RMSE | H(P,Q) | |
0.5 | 0.031 | 0.045 | 0.022 | 0.027 | 0.041 | 0.038 |
1.0 | 0.024 | 0.046 | 0.021 | 0.026 | 0.037 | 0.039 |
2.0 | 0.017 | 0.040 | 0.018 | 0.024 | 0.039 | 0.036 |
4.0 | 0.016 | 0.038 | 0.019 | 0.025 | 0.042 | 0.034 |
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