《计算机应用》唯一官方网站 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (8): 2577-2583.DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2025070813
收稿日期:2025-07-21
修回日期:2025-11-07
接受日期:2025-11-10
发布日期:2025-12-22
出版日期:2026-08-10
通讯作者:
张凤荔
作者简介:张杰(2001—),男,四川宜宾人,硕士研究生,CCF会员,主要研究方向:大语言模型、自然语言处理、多模态基金资助:
Jie ZHANG, Zhiyong HUANG, Ruijin WANG, Fengli ZHANG(
)
Received:2025-07-21
Revised:2025-11-07
Accepted:2025-11-10
Online:2025-12-22
Published:2026-08-10
Contact:
Fengli ZHANG
About author:ZHANG Jie, born in 2001, M. S. candidate. His research interests include large language models, natural language processing, multi-modality.Supported by:摘要:
随着图像复合检索(CIR)技术的快速发展,研究者开始探索将它应用于遥感(RS)图像检索领域,以提高从RS图像库中检索出目标图像的准确性。然而,现有算法未能有效弥合图像与文本模态之间的语义鸿沟,同时也受限于RS领域缺乏适用于CIR模型训练的高质量标注数据集。针对这些挑战,提出一种基于图像编辑代理的零样本遥感图像复合检索(IEP4RS)算法,该算法利用图像编辑技术,生成与查询图像及文本描述对齐的代理图像,从而增强查询表征。IEP4RS算法基于查询图像与目标图像的文本描述生成图像编辑指令,然后将指令与查询图像输入图像编辑模型以生成代理图像,并通过融合代理图像与原始查询图像的特征,构建复合查询图像特征。该算法通过直接匹配图像特征,有效跨越了图像与文本模态之间的语义鸿沟,并采用零样本学习范式避免传统算法对标注数据集的依赖。在公开的RS CIR基准数据集PatternCom上的实验结果表明,IEP4RS算法显著提升了检索性能,在采用RemoteCLIP特征编码器时,IEP4RS算法在平均精度均值(mAP)上相较于基线算法WEICOM (WEIghted COMposed image retrieval)提升了9.74个百分点,而相较于主流的零样本图像复合检索(ZS-CIR)算法Pic2Word (mapping Pictures to Words for zero-shot composed image retrieval)、SEARLE (zero-Shot composEd imAge Retrieval with textuaL invErsion)和FREEDOM (composed image retrieval for training-FREE DOMain conversion)分别提升了11.79、7.81和3.99个百分点。
中图分类号:
张杰, 黄智勇, 王瑞锦, 张凤荔. 基于图像编辑代理的零样本遥感图像复合检索算法[J]. 计算机应用, 2026, 46(8): 2577-2583.
Jie ZHANG, Zhiyong HUANG, Ruijin WANG, Fengli ZHANG. Zero-shot composed image retrieval algorithm for remote sensing images based on image edit proxy[J]. Journal of Computer Applications, 2026, 46(8): 2577-2583.
| 算法 | 特征空间 | 融合策略 | 训练需求 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pic2Word | 文本空间 | 早期融合(伪词令牌拼接) | 是 |
| SEARLE | 文本空间 | 早期融合(伪词令牌拼接) | 是 |
| WEICOM | 文本&图像空间 | 后期加权融合(静态权重) | 否 |
| FREEDOM | 文本空间 | 后期加权融合(词频加权) | 否 |
| IEP4RS | 图像空间 | 前期融合(文本融合于 图像)+后期动态加权融合 | 否 |
表1 CIR算法的对比
Tab. 1 Comparison of CIR algorithms
| 算法 | 特征空间 | 融合策略 | 训练需求 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pic2Word | 文本空间 | 早期融合(伪词令牌拼接) | 是 |
| SEARLE | 文本空间 | 早期融合(伪词令牌拼接) | 是 |
| WEICOM | 文本&图像空间 | 后期加权融合(静态权重) | 否 |
| FREEDOM | 文本空间 | 后期加权融合(词频加权) | 否 |
| IEP4RS | 图像空间 | 前期融合(文本融合于 图像)+后期动态加权融合 | 否 |
| 算法 | CLIP | RemoteCLIP | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 颜色类 | 环境类 | 密度类 | 存在性类 | 数量类 | 形状类 | mAP | 颜色类 | 环境类 | 密度类 | 存在性类 | 数量类 | 形状类 | mAP | |
| Text | 13.47 | 4.83 | 3.58 | 4.38 | 3.31 | 6.22 | 5.97 | 10.75 | 8.87 | 22.16 | 12.49 | 8.25 | 24.12 | 14.44 |
| Image | 14.66 | 8.32 | 13.49 | 13.50 | 7.84 | 15.76 | 12.26 | 14.40 | 6.62 | 15.11 | 9.29 | 6.99 | 15.18 | 11.27 |
| Text&Image | 23.13 | 11.02 | 15.87 | 13.77 | 10.13 | 21.38 | 15.88 | 23.67 | 10.01 | 18.45 | 10.56 | 7.97 | 19.63 | 15.05 |
| WEICOM | 46.74 | 20.97 | 22.07 | 12.07 | 20.96 | 26.22 | 24.83 | 41.04 | 31.59 | 41.56 | 14.79 | 20.79 | 31.24 | 30.17 |
| Pic2Word | 40.55 | 19.56 | 17.68 | 10.59 | 21.47 | 24.18 | 22.34 | 37.28 | 28.97 | 37.28 | 13.21 | 22.06 | 29.93 | 28.12 |
| SEARLE | 43.26 | 23.51 | 18.53 | 19.63 | 24.32 | 27.24 | 26.08 | 39.58 | 32.73 | 40.11 | 20.05 | 26.38 | 33.72 | 32.10 |
| FREEDOM | 49.33 | 24.55 | 25.16 | 21.96 | 27.65 | 31.02 | 29.95 | 50.69 | 30.28 | 45.34 | 22.95 | 28.61 | 37.64 | 35.92 |
| IEP4RS | 50.08 | 30.45 | 20.36 | 27.23 | 35.52 | 36.44 | 33.35 | 53.18 | 35.65 | 41.73 | 31.16 | 36.35 | 41.36 | 39.91 |
表2 CLIP和RemoteCLIP基础上的对比实验结果(AP) ( %)
Tab. 2 Comparison experimental results based on CLIP and RemoteCLIP(AP)
| 算法 | CLIP | RemoteCLIP | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 颜色类 | 环境类 | 密度类 | 存在性类 | 数量类 | 形状类 | mAP | 颜色类 | 环境类 | 密度类 | 存在性类 | 数量类 | 形状类 | mAP | |
| Text | 13.47 | 4.83 | 3.58 | 4.38 | 3.31 | 6.22 | 5.97 | 10.75 | 8.87 | 22.16 | 12.49 | 8.25 | 24.12 | 14.44 |
| Image | 14.66 | 8.32 | 13.49 | 13.50 | 7.84 | 15.76 | 12.26 | 14.40 | 6.62 | 15.11 | 9.29 | 6.99 | 15.18 | 11.27 |
| Text&Image | 23.13 | 11.02 | 15.87 | 13.77 | 10.13 | 21.38 | 15.88 | 23.67 | 10.01 | 18.45 | 10.56 | 7.97 | 19.63 | 15.05 |
| WEICOM | 46.74 | 20.97 | 22.07 | 12.07 | 20.96 | 26.22 | 24.83 | 41.04 | 31.59 | 41.56 | 14.79 | 20.79 | 31.24 | 30.17 |
| Pic2Word | 40.55 | 19.56 | 17.68 | 10.59 | 21.47 | 24.18 | 22.34 | 37.28 | 28.97 | 37.28 | 13.21 | 22.06 | 29.93 | 28.12 |
| SEARLE | 43.26 | 23.51 | 18.53 | 19.63 | 24.32 | 27.24 | 26.08 | 39.58 | 32.73 | 40.11 | 20.05 | 26.38 | 33.72 | 32.10 |
| FREEDOM | 49.33 | 24.55 | 25.16 | 21.96 | 27.65 | 31.02 | 29.95 | 50.69 | 30.28 | 45.34 | 22.95 | 28.61 | 37.64 | 35.92 |
| IEP4RS | 50.08 | 30.45 | 20.36 | 27.23 | 35.52 | 36.44 | 33.35 | 53.18 | 35.65 | 41.73 | 31.16 | 36.35 | 41.36 | 39.91 |
| 参数设置 | 颜色类 | 环境类 | 密度类 | 存在性类 | 数量类 | 形状类 | mAP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14.40 | 6.62 | 15.11 | 9.29 | 6.99 | 15.18 | 11.27 | |
| 47.33 | 30.59 | 33.65 | 27.54 | 30.62 | 35.89 | 34.27 | |
| 50.83 | 32.41 | 37.65 | 25.32 | 33.25 | 39.63 | 36.52 | |
| 51.13 | 31.29 | 41.51 | 30.22 | 35.07 | 31.16 | 36.73 | |
| 49.28 | 28.97 | 37.28 | 32.01 | 32.13 | 35.37 | 35.84 | |
| Dynamic | 53.18 | 35.65 | 41.73 | 31.16 | 36.35 | 41.36 | 39.91 |
表3 消融实验结果(AP) ( %)
Tab. 3 Results of ablation experiments(AP)
| 参数设置 | 颜色类 | 环境类 | 密度类 | 存在性类 | 数量类 | 形状类 | mAP |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 14.40 | 6.62 | 15.11 | 9.29 | 6.99 | 15.18 | 11.27 | |
| 47.33 | 30.59 | 33.65 | 27.54 | 30.62 | 35.89 | 34.27 | |
| 50.83 | 32.41 | 37.65 | 25.32 | 33.25 | 39.63 | 36.52 | |
| 51.13 | 31.29 | 41.51 | 30.22 | 35.07 | 31.16 | 36.73 | |
| 49.28 | 28.97 | 37.28 | 32.01 | 32.13 | 35.37 | 35.84 | |
| Dynamic | 53.18 | 35.65 | 41.73 | 31.16 | 36.35 | 41.36 | 39.91 |
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