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相似度感知的民族文化知识图谱链路预测模型

王岩1,陈曦2,3,赵中恺4,周欢1,吴涛5,艾梦格1,肖雪松1   

  1. 1. 西南民族大学计算机与人工智能学院
    2. 电子科技大学
    3. 西南民族大学
    4. 西南民族大学计算机与工程学院
    5. 成都信息工程大学
  • 收稿日期:2025-07-22 修回日期:2025-09-30 发布日期:2025-11-05 出版日期:2025-11-05
  • 通讯作者: 王岩

Similarity-aware link prediction model for ethnic culture knowledge graph

  • Received:2025-07-22 Revised:2025-09-30 Online:2025-11-05 Published:2025-11-05

摘要: 挖掘民族文化知识图谱中实体间的潜在关联,不仅有助于揭示民族文化要素之间的演化关系,也为民族文化的系统建模与智能推理提供了新的技术路径。然而,由于民族文化知识图谱存在多对一属性归属、结构高度同质化及大量噪声边等特点,现有链路预测模型难以同时捕捉文化实体间的细粒度特征关联,并有效抵御图谱中的噪声边干扰,导致预测性能和模型鲁棒性受限。针对上述问题,提出一种特征相似度感知的图神经网络模型SRGCN(Similarity-aware Relational Graph Convolutional Network)。SRGCN基于节点特征相似度构建动态聚合机制,以更准确地捕捉实体间的特征关联;同时引入双层对比学习框架,有效抑制噪声干扰,并设计了线性加权的多目标损失函数,通过动态调整主、辅任务损失权重,进一步增强了模型的稳健性。在民族文化知识图谱数据集HeritEdge上的实验结果表明,SRGCN在链路预测任务中相较于最优基线模型LTRGN(Linear self-attention with multi-Relational Graph Network),在平均倒数排名(MRR)和Hits@10指标上分别提升28.4%和32.5%,具有更优的性能表现。

Abstract: Mining potential associations among entities in ethnic cultural knowledge graphs was considered valuable for revealing evolutionary relationships among cultural elements and for providing new technical paths for systematic modeling and intelligent reasoning. However, because such graphs were characterized by many-to-one attribute affiliations, highly homogeneous structures, and numerous noisy edges, existing link prediction models were limited in simultaneously capturing fine-grained feature associations among cultural entities and resisting noise interference in the graphs, which restricted predictive performance and model robustness. To address these problems, a graph neural network model with similarity-aware features, SRGCN (Similarity-aware Relational Graph Convolutional Network) was proposed. SRGCN constructed a dynamic aggregation mechanism on the basis of node feature similarity to capture associations among entities more accurately; at the same time, a dual-level contrastive learning framework was introduced to suppress noise interference effectively, and a linearly weighted multi-objective loss function was designed, where the weights of primary and auxiliary tasks were dynamically adjusted to further enhance robustness. Experimental results on the HeritEdge ethnic cultural knowledge graph dataset show that SRGCN outperforms the strongest baseline model, LTRGN (Linear self-attention with multi-Relational Graph Network), achieving relative improvements of 28.4% and 32.5% on Mean Reciprocal Rank (MRR) and Hits@10, respectively, and delivers better overall performance.

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