《计算机应用》唯一官方网站 ›› 2026, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (10): 3272-3279.DOI: 10.11772/j.issn.1001-9081.2025091145

• 先进计算 • 上一篇    

基于辅助物理信息神经网络的积分微分代数方程求解方法

曾晓青1, 唐卷1,2(), 肖华峰3, 谢漫淇1, 罗凯1   

  1. 1.广州大学 计算机科学与网络工程学院,广州 510006
    2.广州大学 计算科技研究院,广州 510006
    3.广州大学 数学与信息科学学院,广州 510006
  • 收稿日期:2025-09-28 修回日期:2025-12-18 接受日期:2025-12-19 发布日期:2026-03-13 出版日期:2026-10-10
  • 通讯作者: 唐卷
  • 作者简介:曾晓青(2001—),女,江西赣州人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:物理信息神经网络、机器学习
    肖华峰(1980—),男,湖南祁东人,教授,博士,主要研究方向:哈密顿系统、时滞微分方程、差分方程的周期解、次调和解和异宿轨的存在性和多重性
    谢漫淇(1998—),女,广东揭阳人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:物理信息神经网络、机器学习
    罗凯(1999—),男,江西吉安人,硕士研究生,主要研究方向:物理信息神经网络、机器学习。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目(12201144);广东省自然科学基金资助项目(2024A1515012769)

APINN-based method for solving integro-differential-algebraic equations

Xiaoqing ZENG1, Juan TANG1,2(), Huafeng XIAO3, Manqi XIE1, Kai LUO1   

  1. 1.School of Computer Science and Cyber Engineering,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou Guangdong 510006,China
    2.Research Institute of Computing Science and Technology,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou Guangdong 510006,China
    3.School of Mathematics and Information Science,Guangzhou University,Guangzhou Guangdong 510006,China
  • Received:2025-09-28 Revised:2025-12-18 Accepted:2025-12-19 Online:2026-03-13 Published:2026-10-10
  • Contact: Juan TANG
  • About author:ZENG Xiaoqing, born in 2001, M. S. candidate. Her research interests include physics-informed neural networks, machine learning.
    XIAO Huafeng, born in 1980, Ph. D., professor. His research interests include existence and multiplicity of periodic solutions, subharmonic solutions and heteroclinic orbits for Hamiltonian systems, delay differential equations and difference equations.
    XIE Manqi, born in 1998, M. S. candidate. Her research interests include physics-informed neural networks, machine learning.
    LUO Kai, born in 1999, M. S. candidate. His research interests include physics-informed neural networks, machine learning.
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(12201144);Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2024A1515012769)

摘要:

针对积分微分代数方程(IDAE)的传统数值方法存在计算存储成本高、刚性系统稳定性差及代数约束处理困难等问题,提出一种基于辅助物理信息神经网络(APINN)的IDAE求解方法——APINN-IDAE。该方法的核心思想是:利用APINN的多任务学习机制,通过引入辅助网络输出专门逼近积分历史项,将原IDAE系统中难以处理的积分约束转化为易于优化的微分关系,从而避免传统方法中昂贵的数值积分计算。网络主输出负责微分变量,辅助输出分别处理积分项与代数约束残差,并构建融合微分方程、代数方程、辅助变量微分关系及初值条件的统一加权损失函数。在多个典型IDAE算例(包括非线性、变系数及强耦合系统)上的实验结果表明,所提方法在求解域内的预测解与精确解高度吻合,而微分变量与代数变量的相对L2误差均达到10?3至10??量级,且误差无时间积累效应。可见,APINN-IDAE在保持无网格和自动微分优势的同时,以辅助变量避免了对积分项的显式微分,从而降低了积分算子的计算复杂度并改善了梯度稳定性,在处理刚性或高指标IDAE系统时具有潜在的鲁棒性,为多物理耦合问题的求解提供了新的思路。

关键词: 积分微分代数方程, 物理信息神经网络, 辅助变量, 深度学习, 无网格方法

Abstract:

To address the issues of high computational and storage costs, poor stability of stiff systems, and difficulties in handling algebraic constraints in the traditional numerical methods for Integro-Differential-Algebraic Equations (IDAEs), an Auxiliary Physics-Informed Neural Network (APINN)-based method for solving IDAEs, named APINN-IDAE, was proposed. The core idea of this method is to use the multi-task learning mechanism of APINN, introducing auxiliary network outputs to specifically approximate the integral history terms, so that the intractable integral constraints in the original IDAE system were transformed into differential relations that are easier to optimize, thereby avoiding the computationally expensive numerical integration in the traditional methods. The differential variables were handled by the main network output, while the integral terms and algebraic constraint residuals were processed by the auxiliary outputs, respectively. In addition, a unified weighted loss function was constructed, incorporating the differential equations, algebraic equations, auxiliary variable differential relations, and initial conditions. Experimental results on several typical IDAE examples (including nonlinear, variable-coefficient, and strongly coupled systems) show that the predicted solutions of the proposed method highly coincide with the exact solutions within the solution domain. And the relative L2 errors for both differential and algebraic variables reach the order of 10?3 to 10??, without observable error accumulation over time. It can be seen that APINN-IDAE retains the mesh-free and automatic differentiation advantages while using auxiliary variables to avoid explicit differentiation of integral terms, thereby reducing the computational complexity of integral operators and improving gradient stability, offering potential robustness for stiff or high-index IDAE systems, and providing a new perspective for solving multi-physics coupling problems.

Key words: Integro-Differential-Algebraic Equation (IDAE), Physics-Informed Neural Network (PINN), auxiliary variable, deep learning, meshless method

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